Space Weather: Seismic Study of the Solar Subsurface Based on Robust Time-Distance Inferences Using Upgraded Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG+) Instrument Observations

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This research will contribute to the development of a robust time-distance analysis and inversion methodology to use the solar acoustic oscillations to infer the three-dimensional subsurface structure of magnetic flux concentrations rising from the solar interior. It will permit one to better characterize the actual diagnostic potential of the method and to better understand the biases in the inferred solutions introduced by the topology of the associated annihilator, while addressing trade-off issues between resolution in space and time versus error magnification. Such a development of time-distance analysis techniques is a key element needed to maximize the scientific return of the upgraded Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) instruments, and it also offers the potential of a long-range forecasting tool for the National Space Weather Program.