A Tropical Perspective on 20th Century Climate Change from Ice Core Histories and Glacier Area and Volume Measurement from the Quelccaya and Coropuna Ice Caps in the Southern Andes

该奖项将帮助获得并分析秘鲁安第斯山脉奎尔卡亚和科罗普纳冰盖的四个冰芯和基岩。这些新的岩心，覆盖了过去的一万年，将比以前的岩心提供更可靠、更详细的太平洋表面温度变化历史。将从每个岩心获得大约6000个样品，用于氧和氘的稳定同位素、不溶性粉尘浓度和大小分布以及可溶性气溶胶化学分析。这些和其他代理测量将用于重建区域温度和降水历史，并产生厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）变化的高分辨率记录。此外，将首次在热带冰芯上尝试黑碳和火灾历史。这项研究的其他方面将解决奎尔卡亚目前的退缩速度，并记录科罗普纳冰盖的基线范围和厚度及其与气候变化的关系。一些秘鲁科学家和学生将参与该项目的实地和实验室工作。这种参与为发展中国家的科学家提供了参与“最先进”冰芯钻探和分析项目的机会。合作的同事代表秘鲁的三个组织：政府、工业界和一所大学。冰芯分析以及冰川面积和体积测量的结果将对秘鲁用于灌溉、水力发电和市政供水的水资源产生重大的社会和经济影响。

This award will help obtain and analyze four ice cores to bedrock from the Quelccaya and Coropuna ice caps in the Peruvian Andes. These new cores, covering the last 10,000 years will provide a more robust and detailed history of Pacific sea surface temperature variability than has been possible with previous cores. Approximately 6,000 samples will be obtained from each core for stable isotopes of oxygen and deuterium, insoluble dust concentration and size distribution, and soluble aerosol chemistry analyses. These and other proxy measurements will be used to reconstruct a regional temperature and precipitation history and produce a high-resolution record of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variations. In addition, black carbon and fire history will be attempted on tropical ice cores for the first time. Other aspects of this research will address the current rates of retreat for the Quelccaya and document a baseline extent and thickness for the Coropuna ice cap and its relation to changing climate. A number of Peruvian scientists and students will be engaged in both the field and laboratory aspects of the project. This participation provides scientists from a developing nation the opportunity to participate in a "state of the art" ice core drilling and analysis project. Collaborating colleagues represent three Peruvian organizations: the government, industry and a university. The results from the ice core analyses as well as the glacier area and volume measurements will have significant social and economic implications for Peru's water resources that are used for irrigation, hydroelectric production, and municipal water supplies.