A Tropical Perspective on 20th Century Climate Change from Ice Core Histories and Glacier Area and Volume Measurement from the Quelccaya and Coropuna Ice Caps in the Southern Andes

从冰芯历史和安第斯山脉南部奎尔卡亚冰盖和科罗普纳冰盖的冰川面积和体积测量看 20 世纪气候变化的热带视角

• 批准号: 0318430
• 负责人: Lonnie Thompson
• 金额: $ 72.37万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0318430&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tropical; Perspective; 20th; Century; Climate

This award will help obtain and analyze four ice cores to bedrock from the Quelccaya and Coropuna ice caps in the Peruvian Andes. These new cores, covering the last 10,000 years will provide a more robust and detailed history of Pacific sea surface temperature variability than has been possible with previous cores. Approximately 6,000 samples will be obtained from each core for stable isotopes of oxygen and deuterium, insoluble dust concentration and size distribution, and soluble aerosol chemistry analyses. These and other proxy measurements will be used to reconstruct a regional temperature and precipitation history and produce a high-resolution record of El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variations. In addition, black carbon and fire history will be attempted on tropical ice cores for the first time. Other aspects of this research will address the current rates of retreat for the Quelccaya and document a baseline extent and thickness for the Coropuna ice cap and its relation to changing climate. A number of Peruvian scientists and students will be engaged in both the field and laboratory aspects of the project. This participation provides scientists from a developing nation the opportunity to participate in a "state of the art" ice core drilling and analysis project. Collaborating colleagues represent three Peruvian organizations: the government, industry and a university. The results from the ice core analyses as well as the glacier area and volume measurements will have significant social and economic implications for Peru's water resources that are used for irrigation, hydroelectric production, and municipal water supplies.

这项奖励将有助于从秘鲁安第斯山脉的奎尔卡亚和科罗普纳冰帽获取和分析四个冰芯到基岩。这些覆盖过去10,000年的新岩心将提供比以前的岩心更有力和更详细的太平洋海面温度变化史。将从每个核心获得大约6,000个样本，用于氧和氚的稳定同位素、不溶性粉尘浓度和粒度分布以及可溶气溶胶化学分析。这些和其他替代测量将用于重建区域温度和降水历史，并产生厄尔尼诺南方涛动(ENSO)变化的高分辨率记录。此外，还将首次尝试在热带冰芯上进行炭黑和火史实验。这项研究的其他方面将涉及奎尔卡亚目前的退缩速度，并记录科罗普纳冰盖的基线范围和厚度及其与气候变化的关系。一些秘鲁科学家和学生将参与该项目的实地和实验室方面的工作。这一参与为发展中国家的科学家提供了参与“最先进的”冰芯钻探和分析项目的机会。合作的同事代表秘鲁的三个组织：政府、行业和一所大学。冰芯分析以及冰川面积和体积测量的结果将对秘鲁用于灌溉、水电生产和市政供水的水资源产生重大的社会和经济影响。