Collaborative Research: Sampling and Analysis of Iron, an International Collaboration

合作研究：铁的采样和分析，一项国际合作

• 批准号: 0326111
• 负责人: Kenneth Coale
• 金额: $ 17.57万
• 依托单位: San Jose State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-10-01 至 2006-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0326111&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Sampling; Analysis; Iron

ABSTRACTOCE-0325031OCE-0326736OCE-0326697OCE-0324727OCE-0326633OCE-0326111Although great progress has been made in recent years to measure dissolved iron concentrations in seawater, significant differences remain between methods as was shown during a recent workshop held on December 5, 2002 in San Francisco. During this worship, evaluation of data obtained for one sample from the South Atlantic and analyzed by more than twenty different laboratories showed a range in iron values of 0.6 nM, nearly as large as the concentration range from the surface to 1000 m in the North Pacific. Given the importance of this element as a micronutrient which can limit primary production, it is imperative that the reasons for the variability in results be identified. For this reason, a Steering Committee of experienced iron analysts will collaborate with research groups with extensive experience in measuring iron both here in the United States as well as Europe and Japan to resolve the differences that remain in measurements of iron in seawater. This group of about 22 laboratories will participate in one cruise to one open ocean station (30'N, 140'W) with low iron concentrations (0.05 to 0.08 nM) and one coastal station with high iron concentrations with the goal of establishing the following: (1) the comparability of various measurements (isotope dilution high resolution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, organic extraction graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, cathodic stripping voltammetry, flow injection analysis-long path length colorimetry, flow injection analysis-luminol chemiluminescence detection, flow injection analysis with DPD); (2) the differences, if any, in the sampling strategies used (Go-Flo bottles on a Kevlar wire, automated, metal free samplers-MITESS, modified "trace metal rosettes", surface pumping systems; (3) the differences in filtration (Nuclepore, Anotop, capsule filters with pore sizes of 0.1 to 0.45 um); and (4) appropriate sample storage and distribution mechanisms. Measurements of iron will be made both at sea and in the laboratory. In addition, surface and 1000 m depth samples will be distributed to other analysts both in the United States and abroad to ensure that all types of analytical methods for iron are considered and possibly for distribution as an interim iron standard. The ultimate goal of this project is to enable the ocean science community to compare measurements of dissolved iron made at different places and times in the ocean with a high degree of confidence in the differences or similarities that are detected.

ABSTRACTOCE-0325031OCE-0326736OCE-0326697OCE-0324727OCE-0326633OCE-0326111Although近些年来在测量海水中的溶解铁浓度方面取得了很大的进展，但正如最近于2002年12月5日在旧金山举行的研讨会上所显示的那样，不同方法之间仍然存在显著的差异。在这次崇拜期间，对从南大西洋获得的一个样本的数据进行了评估，并由20多个不同的实验室进行了分析，结果表明，铁值的范围为0.6海里米，几乎与北太平洋从表层到1000米的浓度范围一样大。鉴于这种元素作为一种可能限制初级生产的微量营养素的重要性，必须查明结果变化的原因。出于这个原因，一个由经验丰富的铁分析员组成的指导委员会将与在美国以及欧洲和日本拥有丰富铁测量经验的研究小组合作，以解决在海水铁测量方面仍然存在的分歧。这个由大约22个实验室组成的小组将参加一次巡航，前往一个铁浓度较低(0.05至0.08纳米)的远洋站和一个铁浓度较高的沿海站，目的是建立以下各项：(1)各种测量的可比性(同位素稀释高分辨率电感耦合等离子体质谱、有机萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱分析、阴极溶出伏安法、流动注射分析-长程比色法、流动注射分析-鲁米诺化学发光检测、流动注射DPD分析)；(2)所使用的采样策略(如有的话)的差异(芳纶钢丝上的Go-Flo瓶、自动、无金属采样器-MITESS、改良的“微量金属花环”、地面抽水系统)；(3)过滤方面的差异(核孔、Anotop、孔径为0.1至0.45微米的胶囊过滤器)；以及(4)适当的样品存储和分配机制。铁的测量既要在海上进行，也要在实验室进行。此外，表层和1000米深度的样品将分发给美国和海外的其他分析师，以确保考虑所有类型的铁分析方法，并可能作为临时铁标准进行分发。该项目的最终目标是使海洋科学界能够对海洋中不同地点和不同时间测量的溶解铁进行比较，并对检测到的差异或相似之处有高度的信心。