Doctoral Dissertation Research: Globalization Grounded: Land disputes and agrarian reform in Guatemala

博士论文研究：全球化扎根：危地马拉的土地纠纷和土地改革

• 批准号: 0327185
• 负责人: Jeffrey Goodwin
• 金额: $ 0.74万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-15 至 2004-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0327185&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Globalization; Grounded

Guatemala currently faces a critical juncture. After a civil war that left 200,000 civilians dead-ended, there was guarded optimism that the peace accords reached between the military and the guerrillas would address this country's legacy of poverty and violence. But old problems soon re-emerged. Currently, there are over 1,000 land disputes in Guatemala - many of them violent. This study explores the spectrum and outcomes of peasant resistance in Guatemala in the context of democratization and development. Utilizing a range of qualitative research methods including in-depth interviews, participant observation and archival investigation, this project seeks to better understand if and how land reform can facilitate the inclusion of rural subjects into the democratic polity. Further, it explores whether peasant mobilization for land reform is obsolete as the twentieth century begins, with the increasing prominence of commercial agriculture and the growing centrality of information as the commodity that drives economic growth. This project will contribute to sociological knowledge by bridging the sociological literature on social movements, democratic transitions and development. Key tensions include the conundrum posed by Barrington Moore: that democratization is often premised on the "disappearance" of peasant protest. On the contrary, this dissertation pursues the converse hypothesis: that peasant protest actually facilitates democratization. In the sociology of development literature, a similar paradox presents itself when discussions of globalization arise. Most scholars agree that rural subjects are increasingly marginalized as globalization processes intensify. This project explores the possibility that peasants can harness some of the energy created by globalization and engage in the global economy in ways that preserve a peasant identity. The broader impact of this project is the collaboration it will facilitate between less-integrated rural actors and urban researchers on both a national and international scale. Further, it will contribute to policy discussions about governance in post-conflict eras and states. Finally, it will shed light on questions of state reconstruction relevant to the Latin American region and perhaps other parts of the world.

危地马拉目前正面临一个关键时刻。在一场导致20万平民丧生的内战之后，人们谨慎地乐观地认为，军方和游击队之间达成的和平协议将解决这个国家的贫困和暴力遗产。但老问题很快又出现了。目前，危地马拉有1 000多起土地纠纷，其中许多是暴力纠纷。本研究报告探讨了危地马拉在民主化和发展背景下农民抵抗的范围和结果。本研究透过深入访谈、参与观察、档案调查等质性研究方法，探讨土地改革是否及如何促进农村主体融入民主政治。此外，它探讨了农民动员土地改革是否是过时的世纪开始，随着商业农业的日益突出和信息作为商品，推动经济增长的日益中心。该项目将通过连接关于社会运动、民主过渡和发展的社会学文献，为社会学知识作出贡献。关键的紧张关系包括巴林顿摩尔提出的难题：民主化往往被农民抗议的“消失”所困扰。相反，本文追求的是一个匡威的假设：农民抗议实际上促进了民主化。在发展社会学文献中，当讨论全球化问题时，也会出现类似的悖论。大多数学者认为，随着全球化进程的加剧，农村主体日益边缘化。该项目探讨农民能否利用全球化产生的一些能量，并以保持农民身份的方式参与全球经济。这一项目的更广泛影响是，它将在国家和国际范围内促进融合程度较低的农村行为者与城市研究人员之间的合作。此外，它将促进关于冲突后时代和国家治理的政策讨论。最后，它将揭示与拉丁美洲地区甚至世界其他地区相关的国家重建问题。