SENSORS: Collaborative Research: Self-configuring In Situ Wireless Sensor Networks For Prescribed Fire Management

“传感器：合作研究：自配置现场无线传感器网络用于规定的火灾管理”：无线传感器网络提供了令人兴奋的新技术，有可能彻底改变森林和公共土地火灾管理的关键过程。 目前，荒地火灾管理是有限的粗粒度收集的天气数据，通过便携式带天气包由消防员穿或通过稀疏分散的远程气象站放置在森林中。 由于天气是影响火灾行为和消防员安全的最关键因素，因此火灾天气传感器网络的部署提供了细粒度天气数据的前景，可以大大提高火灾管理过程中的决策和安全性。以及测试自配置无线火灾天气传感器网络，以支持指定火灾烧伤中的火灾管理。可靠性，能源效率，and connectivity连接in ruggled崎岖terrain地形and tree树cover覆盖pose带来key键challenges挑战. 人机接口的要求，如实时访问，定位，传感器节点的动态重新编程增加了问题的复杂性。 具体研究目标包括：设计和评估自配置无线系统，这些系统在网络路由方面具有低维护、自适应和自动自组织的特点;分析容错技术，如多路径路由，以便于在崎岖地形中持久的消防员访问现场传感器读数;通过发射功率控制、时间同步占空比和能量收集技术（如太阳能）测试持续的低功率操作;以及开发支持原位传感器节点远程动态重新编程的软件。 部署和测试顺序从一系列的实验室和校园实验进展到合作伙伴实验森林的规定火灾。该研究项目在更广泛的社会影响方面的目标包括改善管理规定的荒地火灾的决策和安全性，开发在崎岖地形中实现实时火灾监测的工具，科学数据集的生成，以改善荒地火灾行为的预测，研究结果整合到大学课程的课程，并通过网络发布研究结果，增加公众对荒地火灾行为的理解。 这项研究工作源于科罗拉多大学博尔德分校和蒙大拿大学之间的合作。 该小组在计算机科学，电气工程，林业和消防情报方面的选择性专业知识促进了在现实世界环境中进行协作，多学科研究的精神，提高了学生和教师的创造力。

Abstract for "SENSORS: Collaborative Research: Self-configuring In SituWireless Sensor Networks For Prescribed Fire Management":Wireless sensor networks offer exciting new technology with thepotential to revolutionize the critical process of fire management inforests and public lands. At present, wildland fire management islimited by the coarse granularity of the collected weather datareceived through the portable belt weather kits worn by firefightersor through the sparsely scattered remote weather stations placed inforests. Since weather is the most critical factor affecting firebehavior and firefighter safety, then the deployment of fire weathersensor networks offers the prospect of fine-granularity weather datathat can vastly improve decision-making and safety in the fire managementprocess.This project focuses on solving the research challenges in designing,deploying, and testing a self-configuring wireless fire weather sensornetwork to support fire management in prescribed fire burns.Reliability, energy efficiency, and connectivity in rugged terrain andtree cover pose key challenges. Human interface requirements likereal-time access, localization, and dynamic reprogramming of sensornodes add complexity to the problem. Specific research objectivesinclude: design and evaluation of self-configuring wireless systemsthat are low maintenance, adaptive and automatically self-organizingin terms of their network routing; analysis of fault toleranttechniques like multipath routing to facilitate persistent firefighteraccess to in situ sensor readings in rugged terrain; testing ofsustained low power operation through transmit power control,time-synchronized duty cycles, and energy harvesting techniques suchas solar power; and development of software that supports remotedynamic reprogramming of in situ sensor nodes. The deployment andtesting sequence progresses from a series of laboratory and on-campusexperiments to a prescribed fire at a partner experimental forest.The goals of this research project in terms of broader societal impactinclude the improvement of decision-making and safety in themanagement of prescribed wildland fires, the development of tools toenable real-time fire monitoring in rugged terrain, the generation ofscientific datasets to improve forecasting of wildland fire behavior,the integration of research results into the curricula of universitycourses, and increased public understanding of fire behavior inwildlands through the release of research results via the Web. Thisresearch effort arises from a partnership between the University ofColorado at Boulder and the University of Montana. The group'scollective expertise in computer science, electrical engineering,forestry, and fire intelligence promotes the spirit of collaborative,multidisciplinary research in a real-world setting, enhancing thecreativity of students and faculty alike.