Theoretical Studies of Interplanetary Magnetic Fields: Turbulence and Cosmic Rays

这一基于成就的更新提案寻求三年的持续支持，用于基础理论研究和相关计算机模拟和建模计划，涵盖一系列基本太阳风特性及其与高能粒子和宇宙射线的相互作用，包括高能太阳和日球层高能粒子以及银河系和异常宇宙射线。太阳对地球的影响很大一部分是通过行星际产生的等离子体磁场和高能粒子对宇宙射线和高能粒子的观测可用于研究无法直接测量的空间区域的结构和物理参数。许多等离子体过程最好在行星际空间进行测试，因此我们可以通过这些研究了解更多关于实验室和天体物理等离子体的信息。这项工作对于理解日地物理学和空间天气科学至关重要。在这个持续的计划中，所进行的调查将包括行星际磁场和等离子体结构的研究，特别强调磁场结构对宇宙射线和高能粒子加速，传播和各向异性的影响。这一认识可以用来探测遥远的，未探测的太阳大气和太阳风区域，使用高能粒子观测。PI以前的工作导致了对太阳高能粒子传输性质的重要新见解，并有望澄清太阳粒子和银河系粒子之间的传输关系，这是一个以前没有得到足够关注的领域。PI将扩展这项工作，将粒子运动与行星际磁场的结构联系起来。还将研究行星际空间中粒子加速的机制以及高能粒子对太阳风动力学的影响。PI将进一步开发带电粒子加速的“扩散压缩机制”的实现。这一机制在许多空间物理学和天体物理学方面都很重要。将加强努力，了解整个三维日光层及其对宇宙射线的影响。研究所将通过研究磁场变化及其对宇宙射线的影响的整个问题，对以前关于宇宙射线和磁场中日光层不对称性的工作采取后续行动。这项工作将产生广泛的影响，因为它支持学生的工作，它对了解地球空间环境的相关性和重要性，并通过其更广泛的天体物理学影响。

This Accomplishment Based Renewal proposal seeks three years of continued support for a program of fundamental theoretical studies and associated computer simulation and modeling, covering a range of basic solar-wind properties and their interactions with energetic particles and cosmic rays, including energetic solar and heliospheric energetic particles and galactic and anomalous cosmic rays.A significant part of solar influences on Earth are exerted through interplanetary plasma, magnetic fields, and energetic particles. Observations of cosmic rays and energetic particles can be used to study the structures and physical parameters in regions of space inaccessible to direct measurement. Many plasma processes can best be tested in interplanetary space, so we can learn much about both laboratory and astrophysical plasmas through these studies. This work is central to understanding the science of solar-terrestrial physics and space weather. In this continuing program, the investigations undertaken would include studies of the structure of the interplanetary magnetic field and plasma, with particular emphasis given to the effect of the field's structure on cosmic ray and energetic particle acceleration, propagation, and anisotropies. This understanding could then be used to probe distant, unexplored regions of the solar atmosphere and solar wind using energetic particle observations. The PI's previous work has led to significant new insights into the nature of the transport of solar energetic particles and promises to clarify the relation between the transport of solar particles and galactic particles, an area which has previously not received sufficient attention. The PI would extend this work to relate particle motions to the structure of the interplanetary magnetic field. Mechanisms of particle acceleration in interplanetary space and the effects of energetic particles on the dynamics of the solar wind would also be studied. The PI would further develop an implementation of the "diffusive compression mechanism" for charged-particle acceleration. This mechanism is important in a number of space physics and astrophysical contexts. Efforts to understand the full three-dimensional heliosphere and its effects on cosmic rays would be strengthened. The PI would follow up on previous work on heliospheric asymmetry in cosmic rays and magnetic fields by studying the whole problem of variations in the magnetic field and their effect on cosmic rays. This work would have a broad impact also through its support of student work, its relevance and importance to the understanding of the Earth's environment in space, and through its wider astrophysical implications.