Collaborative Research: Physical and Chemical Impacts on the Ice Nucleating Properties of Atmospheric Particles in Springtime

合作研究：物理和化学对春季大气颗粒冰核特性的影响

• 批准号: 0334308
• 负责人: Jose Jimenez
• 金额: $ 16.5万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2005-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0334308&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Physical; Chemical; Impacts

The physical and chemical influences on ice nucleation processes are poorly understood at present, and understanding the transformations from aerosol particles to ice is of high interest in the field of atmospheric sciences. This collaborative project builds upon previous work by the lead investigator - in this case combining aerosol and ice nucleus measurements at a field site to determine the chemical composition of aerosols that nucleate ice as well as characterizing those transformations from aerosol particles to ice crystals. Through collaborations between Colorado State University (CSU), University of Colorado (CU) and a government laboratory the investigators will use a combination of methods, including the CSU continuous flow diffusion chamber for ice nuclei number density measurements, electron microscopy for size and composition of nucleated ice particles, and the NOAA Aeronomy Laboratory Particle Analysis by Laser Mass Spectrometry instrument and CU aerosol mass spectrometer to continuously analyze size-resolved chemical residuals of freshly nucleated ice particles in real time. The investigators will compare physical and chemical characteristics of particles active as ice nuclei with ambient atmospheric aerosol to determine which characteristic factors are associated with the ability to form ice crystals at typical cirrus temperatures and supersaturations. The results of this research should be important for understanding the role of aerosols in global climate as well as their impacts on the chemistry of other species. The results of the research should have an impact on climate and global change relative to issues related to anthropogenic influences on clouds and radiative forcing - particularly with respect to cirrus formation. Experimental data will provide new data to constrain climate models, and make parameterizations more robust and representative. The project involves interdisciplinary collaboration between two university groups and a government laboratory. Contributions to education include support for postdoctoral researchers and graduate students to gain professional research experience.

目前对冰成核过程的物理和化学影响了解甚少，了解从气溶胶粒子到冰的转变是大气科学领域的高度兴趣。这个合作项目建立在首席研究员之前的工作基础上——在这种情况下，将气溶胶和冰核的测量结果结合在一起，以确定形成冰核的气溶胶的化学成分，以及表征从气溶胶颗粒到冰晶的转变。通过科罗拉多州立大学（CSU）、科罗拉多大学（CU）和一个政府实验室的合作，研究人员将使用多种方法，包括用CSU连续流动扩散室测量冰核数密度，用电子显微镜测量有核冰粒的大小和组成，通过激光质谱仪和CU气溶胶质谱仪，NOAA航空实验室颗粒分析，实时连续分析新核冰粒的尺寸分辨化学残留物。研究人员将比较作为冰核活动的粒子与周围大气气溶胶的物理和化学特征，以确定在典型卷云温度和过饱和度下，哪些特征因素与形成冰晶的能力有关。这项研究的结果对于理解气溶胶在全球气候中的作用以及它们对其他物种的化学影响应该是重要的。这项研究的结果应该对气候和全球变化产生影响，涉及与人为对云和辐射强迫的影响有关的问题，特别是与卷云形成有关的问题。实验数据将为约束气候模式提供新的数据，并使参数化更具鲁棒性和代表性。该项目涉及两个大学小组和一个政府实验室之间的跨学科合作。对教育的贡献包括支持博士后研究人员和研究生获得专业研究经验。