SENSE Workshop: Sample Environments for Neutron Scattering Experiments in Tallahassee, FL, September 24-26, 2003

SENSE 研讨会：中子散射实验环境样本，佛罗里达州塔拉哈西，2003 年 9 月 24-26 日

• 批准号: 0335615
• 负责人: Takeshi Egami
• 金额: $ 3.86万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-08-01 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0335615&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SENSE; Workshop; Sample; Environments; Neutron

This project is a workshop on Sample Environments for Neutron Scattering Experiments (SENSE). It is action-oriented, with the goals of (1) exploring the science drivers that impact issues concerning the development of advanced sample environments for neutron scattering - primarily focused on the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) - and (2) developing a roadmap to address these needs. Scientists who are new to the use of neutron scattering are encouraged to attend a tutorial session at the beginning of a companion NSFCHEMBIO workshop targeted at the chemistry and biology communities. The SENSE workshop proper begins with a plenary session to consider the science case for advanced sample environments; that is, environments that provide control of the sample temperature, pressure, magnetic-field environment, and chemical environment. The workshop continues with a series of parallel oral presentations on scientific research and on the technical aspects of leading sample environments worldwide. This is followed by user-focused interactive sessions. The SENSE workshop also includes a tour of the NHMFL and joint sessions with the parallel NSFCHEMBIO workshop. Because the SENSE workshop is intended to launch the development of a science-driven roadmap for national sample-environment initiatives, it concludes with summaries by the workshop section chairs and "concept teams" and the identification of follow-up action items. In addition to engaging experts in the field, the SENSE workshop is involving the broader community, specifically including graduate students, postdocs, and junior faculty members, as well as scientists who are new to the technique of neutron scattering. Two of the plenary lecturers are women, and the organizers are also reaching out to several HBCUs.Neutrons with low energies are useful probes of the properties of matter, being especially responsive to structural and dynamical properties on spatial scales ranging from atomic dimensions to micro-meters. These are scales characteristic of, for example, polymers, grains in metals and alloys, and living cells. Neutrons also provide unique probes of magnetic properties on similar scales. The properties of materials depend upon conditions in their environment, however. For example, the ambient temperature, pressure, and magnetic-field environment all affect the properties of physical materials. This is obvious near the melting or freezing point of a substance. Similarly, the properties of living cells are affected by temperature, pressure, and the chemical environments in which they find themselves. Up to this point, however, it has not generally been possible to provide sample environments that allow wide-ranging control of such parameters. The purpose of this workshop is to explore the needs of the various scientific communities for advanced sample environments and to develop a plan of action to enable them to be realized. This project is especially timely now, as the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) approaches completion at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 2006.

这个项目是一个关于中子散射实验（SENSE）样本环境的研讨会。它是以行动为导向的，其目标是(1)探索影响中子散射先进样品环境开发问题的科学驱动因素-主要集中在散裂中子源(SNS) -以及(2)制定解决这些需求的路线图。鼓励对中子散射应用不熟悉的科学家参加针对化学和生物学社区的NSFCHEMBIO合作研讨会开始时的指导会议。SENSE研讨会以全体会议开始，讨论先进样本环境的科学案例；也就是说，能够控制样品温度、压力、磁场环境和化学环境的环境。讲习班继续进行一系列平行的口头报告，内容涉及科学研究和世界范围内主要样品环境的技术方面。接下来是以用户为中心的交互式会话。SENSE研讨会还包括参观NHMFL和与平行的NSFCHEMBIO研讨会的联合会议。由于SENSE讲习班的目的是启动科学驱动的国家样本环境倡议路线图的开发，因此它以讲习班分组主席和“概念小组”的总结和后续行动项目的确定作为结束。除了吸引该领域的专家外，SENSE研讨会还包括更广泛的社区，特别是研究生，博士后和初级教师，以及对中子散射技术不熟悉的科学家。两名全体会议讲师是女性，组织者还与几所hbcu进行了接触。低能中子是探测物质性质的有用探针，对从原子尺度到微米尺度的空间尺度上的结构和动力学性质特别敏感。这些鳞片是聚合物、金属和合金中的颗粒以及活细胞等的特征。中子也提供了在类似尺度上独特的磁性探测。然而，材料的性质取决于它们所处的环境条件。例如，环境温度、压力和磁场环境都会影响物理材料的性能。这在物质的熔点或冰点附近是很明显的。同样，活细胞的特性也受到温度、压力和它们所处的化学环境的影响。然而，到目前为止，通常不可能提供允许对这些参数进行广泛控制的示例环境。本次讲习班的目的是探讨各科学界对先进样品环境的需求，并制定一项行动计划，使这些需求得以实现。随着2006年在橡树岭国家实验室的散裂中子源（SNS）接近完工，这个项目现在显得尤为及时。