ADVANCE Fellows Award: A Mechanistic Understanding of the Responses of Soil Carbon Pools in Tropical Forests to Increasing Global Temperatures

高级研究员奖：热带森林土壤碳库对全球气温升高响应的机制理解

• 批准号: 0338143
• 负责人: Jennifer Powers
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-15 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0338143&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ADVANCE; Fellows; Award; Mechanistic; Understanding

AbstractA grant has been awarded under the direction of Dr. J. Powers to investigate the mechanisms that determine the responses of soil carbon (soil C) pools in tropical forests to climate warming. Soils contain nearly three fourths of the world's terrestrial organic carbon, 28% of which is stored in tropical forest soils. There is currently much uncertainty and debate surrounding the potential responses of this large carbon pool to increasing global temperatures. Scientists are concerned that warmer climates may speed up the processes by which carbon is cycled through the soil, resulting in large releases of CO2 to the atmosphere and further accelerating global warming. The goal of this project is to better understand the short- and long-term responses of tropical soil C pools to increasing global temperatures. This project serves an important role in the career development of the principle investigator by allowing her to strengthen her skills as a scientist, establish an independent research program, and continue outreach with local grade school students, all of which facilitate her goal of obtaining a tenure-track position in academia.These studies provide an integrated set of laboratory experiments and modeling exercises to project potential responses of soil C pools from tropical forests to climate warming, and to evaluate the extent to which different mechanisms mediate these responses. Soils will be sampled from a worldwide network of 11 large forest inventory plots administered by the Center for Tropical Forest Science to take advantage of ongoing studies of forest dynamics, soil fertility and hydrology and to represent the diversity of conditions encompassed by tropical forests. The soils will be subjected laboratory conditions that simulate climate warming, and the following responses will be measured over the course of the incubations: CO2 efflux, microbial biomass, microbial community composition, and soil C pool sizes and structure. The laboratory results will be synthesized by using the data to parameterize a simulation model of soil C dynamics. The model will then be used to explore how large the potential fluxes of CO2 from the soil C pool to the atmosphere may be, given climate change. Together these studies will provide a benchmark for evaluating how the important C reserve stored in tropical forest soils may interact with the global climate system through CO2 emissions. These results will be of interest to a broad scientific community including tropical forest ecologists, soil and ecosystem scientists and global modelers. Moreover, these studies provide ample opportunities for training and education of grades 8-12 and undergraduates. In particular, the laboratory research will involve advanced high school students and undergraduates, and an ongoing science outreach program with eighth graders will be continued.

Abstracta Grant已在J. Powers博士的指导下授予了确定热带森林中土壤碳（土壤C）池对气候变暖的反应的机制。 土壤中含有近四分之三的世界陆地有机碳，其中28％存储在热带森林土壤中。 目前，围绕着这个大碳池对升高全球温度的潜在反应存在很多不确定性和争论。 科学家担心，温暖的气候可能会加快碳循环在土壤中的过程，从而导致大量二氧化碳发行到大气中，并进一步加速全球变暖。 该项目的目的是更好地了解热带土壤C池对升高全球温度的短期和长期反应。 该项目通过允许她加强自己作为科学家的技能，建立独立的研究计划，并继续与当地小学的学生进行宣传，从而在主要研究者的职业发展中发挥重要作用，所有这些都促进了她在学术界的终身制位置的目标。哪种机制介导了这些反应。 土壤将从由热带森林科学中心管理的11个大型森林库存图的全球网络中取样，以利用正在进行的森林动态，土壤生育能力和水文学的研究，并代表热带森林所包含的条件的多样性。 土壤将是模拟气候变暖的实验室条件，并且将在孵育过程中测量以下反应：二氧化碳外排，微生物生物量，微生物群落组成以及土壤C池大小和结构。 通过使用数据将土壤C动力学的仿真模型参数化来合成实验室结果。 然后，该模型将用于探索从气候变化的情况下，从土壤C池到大气的二氧化碳的潜在通量可能是多少。 这些研究共同提供了一个基准，用于评估热带森林土壤中的重要C储备如何通过CO2排放与全球气候系统相互作用。 这些结果将引起一个广泛的科学界，包括热带森林生态学家，土壤和生态系统科学家和全球建模者。 此外，这些研究为8至12年级和本科生的培训和教育提供了足够的机会。 特别是，实验室研究将涉及高级高中生和本科生，并将继续与八年级学生进行一项持续的科学外展计划。