US-France Cooperative Research: The Effect of Nutrient Limitation on Response of Marine Bacterioplankton to Solar Ultraviolet Radiation

现在有强有力的证据表明，由于大气中卤素的释放，地球表面某些地方的紫外线辐射(UVR)正在增加。额外的卤素减少了平流层臭氧，从而增加了短波紫外线相对于紫外线的穿透力。然而，UVR是太阳辐射的正常组成部分，即使在没有臭氧消耗的情况下，生物体也会暴露在大量的紫外线中。大多数紫外线辐射影响研究都是在极地地区进行的。然而，由于生物、物理和光学特性的差异，很难将极地地区获得的结果外推到其他水生生态系统。最近的观察表明，细菌对UVR的反应存在时间和空间上的差异。这项为期三年的美法合作研究奖由佛罗里达大学的Wade Jeffrey和法国Banyuls-Sur-Mer的Observatire Ocean Ananologique de Banyuls的Fabien Joux共同完成，旨在解决水生生态系统中细菌对UVR反应的原因。该项目将美国研究人员在墨西哥湾和太平洋的研究扩展到地中海的浮游细菌群落。美国研究人员在温带湖泊和南大洋的紫外线辐射对浮游细菌的影响方面拥有专业知识。与此同时，法国在地中海紫外线效应方面的重要专业知识也起到了补充作用。该项目将进一步了解影响时空差异的环境参数以及浮游细菌对紫外线胁迫的反应。国家科学基金会(NSF)和国家科学研究中心(CNRS)共同支持这一项目。NSF为这名美国调查员和一名研究生访问法国提供资金。CNRS将支付法国调查员前往美国的旅费。

0340764JeffreyThere is now strong evidence that ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is increasing over certain locations on the earth's surface due release of halocarbons in the atmosphere. Additional halocarbons reduce stratospheric ozone resulting in an increased penetration of short-wavelength UVB relative to UVA. However, UVR is a normal part of solar radiation and organisms are exposed to significant amounts, even in the absence of ozone depletion. Most UVR impact studies have been carried out in polar areas. However, it is difficult to extrapolate results obtained in polar areas to other aquatic ecosystems because of differences in biological, physical and optical characteristics. Recent observations have demonstrated temporal and spatial variations in bacterial response to UVR. This three-year award for U.S.-France cooperative research between Wade Jeffrey of the University of Florida and Fabien Joux of the Observatoire Oceanologique de Banyuls, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France addresses the causes of bacterial response to UVR in aquatic ecosystems. The project extends the U.S. investigator's research in the Gulf of Mexico and Pacific Ocean to bacterioplankton communities of the Mediterranean Sea.The U.S. investigator has expertise in ultraviolet radiation effects on bacterioplankton in temperate lakes and the Southern Ocean. This is complemented by significant French expertise of UV effects in the Mediterranean. The project will further understanding of environmental parameters that influence spatial and temporal differences and the response of bacterioplankton to UV stress.The National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) jointly support this project. NSF provides funding for visits to France by the U.S. investigator and a graduate student. The CNRS will cover the cost of travel to the United States by the French investigator.