Collaborative Research: Polar Experiment Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigations (PENGUIn) - A New Vision for Global Studies

该项目将继续运作地面磁力计、成像和宽束测光仪(相对电离层不透明度仪器)、南极和麦克默多站的双波长天顶光度计，以及北极Iqaluit(名义上与南极共轭)和Sondrestrom的成像测光仪。此外，将继续在南极和麦克默多建立数据采集系统，以共同记录其他地球物理数据，并向合作调查人员提供这些数据。南极的数据集是基于网络的，可以近乎实时地访问。2004-2006年期间继续开展的活动将有助于若干重大科学举措，包括地球空间环境建模(GEM)、大气层区域耦合、能量和动力学(CEDAR)、国际日地项目/全球地球空间科学(ISTP/GGS)和国家空间气象方案。该项目的总体目标是了解产生所观测现象的相关物理过程，以及它们与驱动力之间的关系，无论是内部驱动力，如磁层/电离层不稳定性，还是外部驱动力，如太阳风/行星际磁场变化。预计这一项目将加强预先充分预测可能对技术或社会产生负面影响的事件的可能发生的能力，从而为减轻其影响提供时间。

This project will continue the operation of surface-based magnetometers, imaging and broadbeam riometers (relative ionospheric opacity instruments), and two-wavelength zenith photometers at South Pole and McMurdo stations in Antarctica, and imaging riometers at Iqaluit (nominally conjugate to South Pole) and Sondrestrom in the Arctic. Additionally, the data acquisition systems at South Pole and McMurdo for the common recording of other geophysical data, and the provision of these data to collaborating investigators will be continued. The Antarctic data sets are web-based, and can be accessed in near-real time. The continuation of the activities in the 2004-2006 time frame will contribute to several major science initiatives, including the GEM (Geospace Environment Modeling), CEDAR (Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions), ISTP/GGS (International Solar-Terrestrial Project/Global Geospace Science), and National Space Weather programs. The overall objective of the project is to understand the relevant physical processes that produce the observed phenomena, and how they relate to driving forces, either internal, such as magnetospheric/ionospheric instabilities, or external, such as solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field variations. It is expected that this project will lead to an enhanced capability to predict sufficiently in advance the possible occurrence of events that might have negative technological or societal impacts, and thus provide time to lessen their effects.