Collaborative Research: Polar Experiment Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigations (PENGUIn) - A New Vision for Global Studies

该项目将继续运行南极和南极麦克默多站的地面磁力计、成像和宽束磁强计（相对电离层不透明度仪器）和双波长天顶光度计，以及北极伊卡卢伊特（名义上与南极共轭）和松德斯特罗姆的成像磁强计。 此外，将继续在南极和麦克默多建立数据采集系统，共同记录其他地球物理数据，并向合作调查人员提供这些数据。 南极数据集是以网络为基础的，可以接近实时地查阅。2004-2006年期间继续开展的活动将有助于若干重大科学举措，包括地球空间环境建模、大气区耦合、能量学和动力学、国际日地项目/全球地球空间科学和国家空间气象方案。 该项目的总体目标是了解产生观测到的现象的相关物理过程，以及这些过程与磁层/电离层不稳定性等内部驱动力或太阳风/行星际磁场变化等外部驱动力之间的关系。预计这一项目将提高提前充分预测可能发生的可能产生负面技术或社会影响的事件的能力，从而为减轻其影响提供时间。

This project will continue the operation of surface-based magnetometers, imaging and broadbeam riometers (relative ionospheric opacity instruments), and two-wavelength zenith photometers at South Pole and McMurdo stations in Antarctica, and imaging riometers at Iqaluit (nominally conjugate to South Pole) and Sondrestrom in the Arctic. Additionally, the data acquisition systems at South Pole and McMurdo for the common recording of other geophysical data, and the provision of these data to collaborating investigators will be continued. The Antarctic data sets are web-based, and can be accessed in near-real time. The continuation of the activities in the 2004-2006 time frame will contribute to several major science initiatives, including the GEM (Geospace Environment Modeling), CEDAR (Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions), ISTP/GGS (International Solar-Terrestrial Project/Global Geospace Science), and National Space Weather programs. The overall objective of the project is to understand the relevant physical processes that produce the observed phenomena, and how they relate to driving forces, either internal, such as magnetospheric/ionospheric instabilities, or external, such as solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field variations. It is expected that this project will lead to an enhanced capability to predict sufficiently in advance the possible occurrence of events that might have negative technological or societal impacts, and thus provide time to lessen their effects.