Collaborative Research: Polar Experiment Network for Geospace Upper-atmosphere Investigations (PENGUIn) - A New Vision for Global Studies

该项目将继续在南极洲南极站和麦克默多站使用地面磁力计、成像和宽波束测速计（相对电离层不透明度仪器）、双波长天顶光度计以及在伊卡鲁特（名义上与南极共轭）和北极的Sondrestrom使用成像测速计。此外，将继续在南极和麦克默多建立数据采集系统，用于共同记录其他地球物理数据，并向合作调查人员提供这些数据。南极的数据集是基于网络的，可以近乎实时地访问。在2004-2006年期间，这些活动的继续将有助于几个主要的科学计划，包括GEM（地球空间环境模型）、CEDAR（大气区域耦合、能量学和动力学）、ISTP/GGS（国际日地工程/全球地球空间科学）和国家空间天气计划。该项目的总体目标是了解产生观测到的现象的相关物理过程，以及它们与驱动力的关系，无论是内部驱动力，如磁层/电离层的不稳定性，还是外部驱动力，如太阳风/行星际磁场的变化。预期这一项目将提高提前充分预测可能产生负面技术或社会影响的事件的能力，从而为减轻其影响提供时间。

This project will continue the operation of surface-based magnetometers, imaging and broadbeam riometers (relative ionospheric opacity instruments), and two-wavelength zenith photometers at South Pole and McMurdo stations in Antarctica, and imaging riometers at Iqaluit (nominally conjugate to South Pole) and Sondrestrom in the Arctic. Additionally, the data acquisition systems at South Pole and McMurdo for the common recording of other geophysical data, and the provision of these data to collaborating investigators will be continued. The Antarctic data sets are web-based, and can be accessed in near-real time. The continuation of the activities in the 2004-2006 time frame will contribute to several major science initiatives, including the GEM (Geospace Environment Modeling), CEDAR (Coupling, Energetics and Dynamics of Atmospheric Regions), ISTP/GGS (International Solar-Terrestrial Project/Global Geospace Science), and National Space Weather programs. The overall objective of the project is to understand the relevant physical processes that produce the observed phenomena, and how they relate to driving forces, either internal, such as magnetospheric/ionospheric instabilities, or external, such as solar wind/interplanetary magnetic field variations. It is expected that this project will lead to an enhanced capability to predict sufficiently in advance the possible occurrence of events that might have negative technological or societal impacts, and thus provide time to lessen their effects.