Collaborative Research: Ship-based Measurements of Cloud Microphysics and PBL Properties in Precipitating Trade Cumulus Clouds During Rain In Cumulus over the Ocean (RICO)

合作研究：海上积云雨期间降水贸易积云的云微物理和 PBL 特性的船基测量 (RICO)

• 批准号: 0342647
• 负责人: C. Fairall
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Interagency Agreement
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2008-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0342647&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ship; based; Measurements

This collaborative project among three institutions (the University of Miami, the University of Colorado, and the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Environmental Technology Laboratory) is part of the "Rain in Cumulus over the Ocean" (RICO) experiment, a coordinated study of precipitation development in trade-wind Cumulus clouds that will involve more than 20 institutions and four countries. In this project, the investigators will use the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) ship Seward Johnson, equipped with two short wavelength radars and a scanning Doppler lidar as well as instrumentation to measure fluxes from the ocean surface. These sensors will be used to measure the kinematic and microphysical structures of trade-wind Cumuli, the surrounding air motions, and the boundary-layer fluxes of heat, moisture and momentum. A complementary modeling effort will use large eddy simulation, constrained to match observed characteristics of the clouds, to study cloud-scale processes including entrainment and the roles of cloud condensation nuclei in cloud development. The radars will be positioned near other land-based radars and under the region studied by research aircraft so that the measurements can complement and be compared to those from the other observing systems. The primary science objectives include documenting the lifecycles of tropical cumulus clouds, determining how large drops and precipitation are formed, and learning how precipitation alters the marine boundary layer in the vicinity of trade-wind Cumuli. The expected result of this research will be better understanding of how precipitation is formed in trade-wind cumulus clouds and improved ability to represent the effects of such clouds in climate and other large-scale models. The project includes a substantial educational component. Graduate students involved directly in the research project will gain valuable field experience, and research experience will also be provided through special programs for graduate and undergraduate students not in the field. A K-12 component will include development of middle and high school curricula components suitable for use in classrooms, an onboard research experience for a K-12 teacher, career awareness presentations, and visits by scientists to classrooms. Web-based tools will be used to connect scientists on the cruise to classrooms for interactions with students and teachers, and this connection will continue after the cruise through the analysis phase. An objective will be the development of educational modules that allow students, educators and researchers to contribute to and interact with data related to the Earth system.

三个机构（迈阿密大学、科罗拉多大学和国家海洋和大气管理局环境技术实验室）之间的这一合作项目是“海洋上空积云中的雨”实验的一部分，这是一项关于信风积云降水发展的协调研究，将涉及20多个机构和4个国家。在该项目中，调查人员将使用大学-国家海洋学实验室系统（UNOLS）船Seward约翰逊，该船配备了两个短波雷达和一个扫描多普勒激光雷达以及测量海洋表面通量的仪器。这些传感器将用于测量信风积云的运动学和微观物理结构、周围空气运动以及热量、水分和动量的边界层通量。一个补充的建模工作将使用大涡模拟，限制匹配观测到的云的特性，研究云尺度的过程，包括夹带和云凝结核在云发展中的作用。这些雷达将放置在其他陆基雷达附近以及研究飞机研究的区域下方，以便测量结果可以补充并与其他观测系统的测量结果进行比较。主要的科学目标包括记录热带积云的生命周期，确定如何形成大滴和降水，并了解降水如何改变信风积云附近的海洋边界层。这项研究的预期结果将是更好地了解信风积云中降水是如何形成的，并提高在气候和其他大尺度模型中代表此类云影响的能力。该项目包括一个实质性的教育部分。直接参与研究项目的研究生将获得宝贵的实地经验，研究经验也将通过研究生和本科生不在该领域的特殊课程提供。K-12部分将包括开发适合在课堂上使用的初中和高中课程组成部分，K-12教师的船上研究经验，职业意识介绍以及科学家对教室的访问。将使用基于网络的工具将航行中的科学家与教室联系起来，以便与学生和教师进行互动，这种联系将在航行后的分析阶段继续下去。一个目标是开发教育模块，使学生、教育工作者和研究人员能够对与地球系统有关的数据作出贡献并与之互动。