Collaborative Research on Institutions and Land-Use Politics

制度与​​土地使用政治的合作研究

• 批准号: 0350799
• 负责人: Richard Feiock
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2009-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0350799&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Institutions; Land; Use

The research examines institutional change in the context of local land-use politics. Conceptualizing land-use policy choices in terms of institutional change allows us to bring insights from institutional theory to bear on the broader topic of policy change. The main hypothesis is that local government structures, as crucial institutional mediators of political and economic forces, will influence policy dynamics in predictable ways. The focus on the structure of political institutions is a significant departure from property rights and interest group models that treat political institutions as largely transparent to the underlying economic or political forces driving land-use change. To emphasize institutions, the researchers offer a "political market" theory of institutional change that combines political economy theories of property rights with work on local government structure. The resulting framework conceptualizes institutional change as the result of a dynamic contracting process between the suppliers and demanders of change in a community. Political institutions combine with the structure of interest organization to determine outcomes. Different types of political institutions will favor different types of interests, either enhancing or reducing the ability of interests to influence land-use policy. The debate whether form of government makes a difference for local policies remains unsettled because much of the work has focused only on fiscal outputs and has emphasized additive rather then interactive effects of government structure. The investigators' political market approach focuses not only on how the structure of local institutions directly influences land-use decisions, but also on how forces and interests identified in property rights and interest group models are mediated by local institutions. Because land use institutions are central to the system of property rights at the local level this work has important implications for land-use governance. An enhanced understanding of the dynamics of land-use decisions will assist policy makers at all levels of government in the design of land use polices. By investigating the role executive and legislative structures, we can better understand the conditions under which local institutions are responsive to broad public interests and citizen participation. This also furthers education objectives by involving graduate and undergraduate students directly in the research process, and thus provides an alternative learning perspective to the traditional lecture format class.

本研究考察了地方土地使用政治背景下的制度变迁。从制度变迁的角度对土地利用政策选择进行概念化，使我们能够从制度理论中获得见解，从而对更广泛的政策变迁主题产生影响。 主要假设是，地方政府结构作为政治和经济力量的重要机构调解人，将以可预测的方式影响政策动态。 对政治制度结构的关注是对产权和利益集团模式的重大偏离，这些模式将政治制度视为对驱动土地利用变化的潜在经济或政治力量基本透明。 为了强调制度，研究人员提出了一种制度变迁的“政治市场”理论，这种理论将产权的政治经济学理论与地方政府结构的研究相结合。 由此产生的框架概念化的制度变革的结果，在一个社区的变化的供应商和需求者之间的动态合同过程。 政治制度联合收割机与利益组织的结构结合起来决定结果。 不同类型的政治制度将有利于不同类型的利益，或增强或削弱利益影响土地使用政策的能力。 关于政府形式是否对地方政策产生影响的辩论仍然没有解决，因为大部分工作只注重财政产出，强调政府结构的附加效应，而不是互动效应。研究者的政治市场方法不仅关注地方机构的结构如何直接影响土地使用决策，而且关注在产权和利益集团模型中确定的力量和利益如何通过地方机构进行调解。 由于土地使用机构是地方一级产权制度的核心，这项工作对土地使用治理具有重要意义。 加强对土地使用决策动态的了解将有助于各级政府的决策者设计土地使用政策。 通过调查行政和立法结构的作用，我们可以更好地了解地方机构对广泛的公共利益和公民参与作出反应的条件。 这也进一步涉及研究生和本科生直接在研究过程中的教育目标，从而提供了一个替代的学习视角，以传统的讲座形式类。