Collaborative Research: Methodology for Computer Experiments with Special Application to Biomedical Mechanics

受生物力学工程问题的启发，这个合作研究项目开发和实施了统计工具，用于设计和分析计算机实验，这些实验对假体设计有特殊的应用。 这些工具用于在3D模型有限元模型中创建抗骨盆骨溶解的ace平板髋臼杯设计，以适应骨盆中的骨。 第二项特定生物力学任务是确认/校准机械膝关节模拟器研究中膝关节部件聚乙烯磨损的计算机代码。 更一般地说，这项工作提供了一套实现的工具，允许成本效益和快速工程开发的广泛的产品应用。 它有助于合并统计和工程设计社区，迫使前者解决充分阐述的设计问题，后者锚这些问题的解决方案，在严格的随机和统计方法。该方法也可能被证明是有用的其他大型计算机模型，如气候，暴露和污染模型在环境科学中使用的分析。在统计学方面，开发了探索性设计用于计算机实验，以便更好地估计极端结果，这对于评估使用给定假体设计时给定患者人群中危险高应力-应变情况的频率非常重要。 该目标可以被认为是给定假体设计的稳健性评估工具。 其次，顺序设计设计约束优化问题，这是重要的假体设计，其中多个，竞争的结果经常发生。 在分析方面，预测器的开发，提供更准确的评估最优的预测表面，这些被用来产生更快的（在这个意义上，需要更少的时间要求的计算机代码的评估）的约束优化问题的解决方案。 最后，预测方法的计算机代码，使用定性和定量的投入。 该项目开发和实施统计工具，用于设计和分析对假体设计有特殊应用的计算机实验。计算机实验在广泛的产品应用的快速工程开发中具有成本效益。该项目开发了统计和数学工具，这些工具在当前假体设计应用之外很有用。

Motivated by problems of biomechanical engineering, this collaborative research project develops and implements statistical tools for the design and analysis of computer experiments that have particular application to prosthesis design. These tools are used to create ace tabular cups designs that are resistant to pelvic osteolysis in a 3D model finite-element model for bone adaptation in the pelvis. A second specific biomechanical task is to validate/calibrate the computer codes for polyethylene wear in knee components from mechanical knee simulator studies. More generally, this work provides a suite of implemented tools that allow cost-effective and rapid engineering development of a wide range of product applications. It helps merge the statistical and engineering design communities by forcing the former to address fully articulated design problems and the latter to anchor the solution of these problems in rigorous stochastic and statistical methodology. The methodology may also prove useful in the analysis of other large computer models such as the climate, exposure, and pollution models used in environmental science. On the statistical front, exploratory designs are developed for computer experiments that allow better estimation of extreme outcomes, important for assessing the frequency of dangerous high stress-strain situations in a given patient population when a given prosthesis-design is used. This objective can be thought of as a robustness assessment tool for the given prosthesis design. Second, sequential designs are devised for constrained optimization problems, which are important in prosthesis design where multiple, competing outcomes occur frequently. On the analysis front, predictors are developed that give more accurate assessment of optima of predicted surfaces; these are used to produce faster (in the sense of requiring fewer evaluation of time-demanding computer code) solutions of constrained optimization problems. Finally, prediction methodology is developed for computer codes that use both qualitative and quantitative inputs. This project develops and implement statistical tools for the design and analysis of computer experiments that have particular application to prosthesis design. Computer experiments are cost-effective in rapid engineering development of a wide range of product applications. The project develops both statistical and mathematical tools that are useful outside of the current application of prosthesis design.