Dissertation Research: Components of Parent and Offspring Fitness and Thier Influence on Parental Care Evolution

论文研究：父母和后代的健身组件及其对父母照顾evolutionColette圣玛丽和丽贝卡HaleLAY摘要生物体面临着一个权衡时，投入精力和资源到健身的年轻人。 如果资源获取是有限的，那么增加对后代的投资会减少对亲本生存的投资，从而降低亲本未来的繁殖成功率。 生活史理论认为，资源可以最佳地投资于当前和未来的后代，使父母的一生生殖成功最大化。 这一最佳值预计会因各种因素而异，包括父母对未来生殖的成本以及后代在接受照料前后的生殖价值。 这项研究作出明确的预测，父母的照顾应该如何变化作为一个功能的后代生殖价值和预测，然后在旗鱼（Jordanella floridae），一个物种，其中男性是唯一的照顾者进行测试。 具体而言，该模型在一系列实验中进行了评估，这些实验采用了新的方法来研究父母护理的演变，包括检查护理成本和护理收益各不相同的环境中的护理。这项工作将通过提供一个统一的框架，将一系列的想法和经验结果联系在一起，该框架将影响进化的父母，特别是后代适应性的组成部分，父母的照顾 支持这项建议也将丰富丽贝卡黑尔和本科生的培训和研究经验，与她一起完成拟议的工作。

DISSERTATION RESEARCH:Components of parent and offspring fitness and their influence on parental care evolutionColette St. Mary and Rebecca HaleLAY ABSTRACT Organisms are faced with a tradeoff when investing energy and resources into the fitness of their young. If resource acquisition is limited, then increasing investment into offspring reduces investment into parental survival, thus reducing the parent's future reproductive success. Life history theory argues that resources can be optimally invested into current and future offspring such that the parent's lifetime reproductive success is maximized. This optimum is expected to vary with factors including the parental costs to future reproduction and the reproductive value of offspring before and after receiving care. This study makes clear predictions for how parental care should vary as a function offspring reproductive value and predictions are then tested in the flagfish(Jordanella floridae), a species in which males are the sole care providers. Specifically, the model is evaluated in a series of experiments that employ novel approaches to the study of parental care evolution, including examining care across environments in which both costs and benefits of care vary.Broader impacts: This works will tie together an array of ideas and empirical results by providing a unifying framework that incorporates the components of parental and especially offspring fitness that influence the evolution of parental care. Support of this proposal will also enrich the training and research experiences of Rebecca Hale and undergraduates that work with her to complete the proposed work.