DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Adaptive Trait Introgression in Helianthus

论文研究：向日葵的适应性性状渗入

• 批准号: 0407973
• 负责人: Loren Rieseberg
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: Indiana University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0407973&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Adaptive; Trait; Introgression

Effective weed management requires an understanding of the general mechanisms underlying plant invasiveness. The proposed research will investigate interspecific gene flow through sexual hybridization (i.e., introgression) as a mechanism behind invasiveness in sunflowers. The common weed sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is postulated to have colonized Texas by acquiring genes from a Texas native, H. debilis. To evaluate this hypothesis, a) hybrids between the two species will be planted in Texas to identify traits conferring advantages in nature, b) genes underlying these traits will be mapped, and c) the frequencies of H. debilis-derived genes in natural populations of Texan H. annuus (ssp. texanus) will be assayed. The proposed experiments will help to answer a long-standing question about the role of introgression in the origin of invasive taxa, and will also allow identification of the particular trait(s)/genes that enable invasions by weedy sunflowers. The genetic materials created in this grant will be made freely available to other researchers. Sunflower is the only major crop plant domesticated in the U.S., and the traits chosen for study are important both to the diversification of wild sunflower species and to the domestication and continued improvement of the cultivated sunflower. This research will also facilitate the training of young women and minority scientists.

有效的杂草管理需要了解植物入侵的一般机制。 拟议的研究将调查通过有性杂交（即基因渗入）的种间基因流作为向日葵入侵背后的机制。 据推测，常见杂草向日葵（Helianthus annuus）通过从德克萨斯州本地植物 H. debilis 获取基因而在德克萨斯州定居。为了评估这一假设，a) 将在德克萨斯州种植这两个物种之间的杂交种，以鉴定在自然界中赋予优势的性状，b) 将绘制这些性状背后的基因图谱，c) 将分析德克萨斯州 H. annuus (ssp. texanus) 自然群体中源自 H. debilis 的基因的频率。拟议的实验将有助于回答一个长期存在的问题，即基因渗入在入侵类群起源中的作用，并且还将允许识别导致杂草向日葵入侵的特定性状/基因。这笔赠款中创建的遗传材料将免费提供给其他研究人员。 向日葵是美国唯一驯化的主要农作物，选择用于研究的性状对于野生向日葵物种的多样化以及栽培向日葵的驯化和持续改良都很重要。这项研究还将促进年轻女性和少数族裔科学家的培训。