Collaborative Research: Dendrochronological, Volcanological, and Archeological Study of Cinder Cone Eruptions of Paricutin and Sunset Crater

合作研究：帕里库丁火山灰锥喷发和日落火山口的树木年代学、火山学和考古学研究

• 批准号: 0409117
• 负责人: Michael Ort
• 金额: $ 5.95万
• 依托单位: Northern Arizona University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-15 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0409117&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Dendrochronological; Volcanological; Archeological

Understanding the full range of interactions between human groups and volcanic eruptions is of great importance for predicting volcanic hazards, but also for insights into human behavior and the ways in which populations adapt to catastrophic events. Most accounts of human/volcano interaction are confined to the past few hundred years, limiting the number of cases and the formulation of predictive models. In this multidisciplinary study, dendrochronological and geochemical analysis of tree-rings will be used to date prehistoric and unrecorded historic period eruptions with a high degree of both accuracy and precision. Dates derived from these methods can then be combined with the archaeological record or historic documentation to investigate and model the ways in which human groups interact with volcano eruptions. Preliminary geochemical data from trees affected by the 1943-1952 CE eruption of Paricutin, Michoacan, Mexico, show changes in phosphorus, calcium, and strontium concentrations during the eruption. Some of these same signatures show up in the wood from prehistoric structures in the vicinity of Sunset Crater Volcano (~1050-1100 CE) in northern Arizona. This project will increase the sample size and verify the results before applying them in other volcanological settings and to re-interpret prehistoric adaptations to the Sunset Crater eruption. This project involves collaborators from three different scientific disciplines and institutions to accomplish multidisciplinary research that will improve understanding of forest ecosystems and human responses to eruptions. An increased understanding of human-volcano interactions may eventually allow for better management of populations affected by eruptions, potentially saving lives and property. The research will also be used in curriculum for a statewide academic competition for high school students, undergraduate and graduate level courses at the University of Arizona and Northern Arizona University, and a UA program, "Students Across Borders," which helps minority students participate in geosciences research. Scientific presentations and articles will occur in geosciences and archaeology. Results from this research will also be incorporated into new exhibits at the Sunset Crater and Wupatki National Monuments.

了解人类与火山喷发之间的全部相互作用对于预测火山危害至关重要，而且对于人类行为以及人口适应灾难性事件的方式也很重要。大多数人类/火山相互作用的说法仅限于过去几百年，限制了案例的数量和预测模型的表述。在这项多学科的研究中，树木的树突年代学和地球化学分析将用于史前且未记录的历史时期喷发，同时具有很高的准确性和精确度。然后，从这些方法得出的日期可以与考古记录或历史文档结合使用，以调查和模拟人类群体与火山喷发相互作用的方式。来自1943 - 1952年CE的帕林丁素，米摩洋，墨西哥的CE爆发的树木的初步地球化学数据显示出喷发期间磷，钙和锶浓度的变化。 这些相同的签名中的一些在北部亚利桑那州日落火山口火山附近的史前结构中显示出木材。该项目将增加样本量并在将结果应用于其他火山学环境中，并重新解释史前适应日落火山口喷发。 该项目涉及来自三个不同科学学科和机构的合作者，以完成多学科研究，以提高人们对森林生态系统和人类对喷发的反应的理解。对人类volcano相互作用的越来越多的了解最终可能使得更好地管理受喷发影响的人群，潜在地挽救生命和财产。 该研究还将用于课程中，为高中生，亚利桑那大学和北亚利桑那大学的高中学生，本科和研究生级课程以及UA课程，“跨界学生”，该课程帮助少数族裔学生参与地球科学研究。 科学演讲和文章将发生在地球科学和考古学中。 这项研究的结果还将纳入日落火山口和Wupatki国家古迹的新展览中。