Two-dimensional Models of Neural Sheets

神经片的二维模型

• 批准号: 0412370
• 负责人: William Troy
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0412370&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Two; dimensional; Models; Neural; Sheets

Troy The investigator studies the dynamical behavior of systemsof Wilson-Cowan type integro-differential equations that arise inmodelling cortex. His goal is to understand the subtleconnections between neurons in two-dimensional neural sheets,which are responsible for (i) the formation of stable rotatingwaves, and (ii) the existence of organizing centers that causeperiodic ring-shaped waves to form and propagate outward throughthe medium. He employs computational techniques, as well asasymptotic analysis and reduction methods, which allow the modelsto simplfy to tractable forms. The mathematical and computationalresults predict and verify the existence of stable rotatingspirals, and periodic ring-shaped waves recently discovered intangential slices of occipital cortex of rat brain. Thetechniques developed in this study provide a new direction forunderstanding persistent pattern formation in general neuralnetwork models. Neuronal networks in the central nervous system exhibit avariety of persistent wave patterns. These range from oscillatorywaves consisting of synchronized bursts of spikes totwo-dimensional ring-shaped waves and rotating spirals. Theinvestigator is interested in understanding how suchtwo-dimensional waves form and propagate in the brain. He usessimulations and mathematical methods to develop models that aidin the understanding of wave formation. Cooperative researchbetween the investigator and experimental neuroscientists has ledto the recent discovery of spiral waves in rat cortex. This isthe first true verification of spiral waves in mamallian cortex.Spiral waves are conjectured to be associated with the occurenceof seizures in the brain. The results of this project are alsoincluded in the design of new interdisciplinary courses forstudents.

特洛伊 研究者研究了在模拟大脑皮层中出现的Wilson-Cowan型积分微分方程系统的动力学行为。 他的目标是了解二维神经片中神经元之间的微妙联系，这些联系负责（i）稳定的行波的形成，以及（ii）组织中心的存在，这些中心导致周期性环形波的形成并通过介质向外传播。 他采用计算技术，以及渐近分析和减少的方法，使modelstsimplify到易于处理的形式。 数学和计算结果预测并证实了稳定的螺旋波的存在，以及最近在大鼠大脑枕叶皮层切向切片中发现的周期性环形波。 本研究中开发的技术为理解一般神经网络模型中持久模式的形成提供了一个新的方向。 中枢神经系统中的神经元网络表现出各种各样的持续波模式。 这些波的范围从由同步爆发的尖峰组成的振荡波到二维环形波和旋转螺旋。 研究人员感兴趣的是了解这种二维波是如何在大脑中形成和传播的。 他使用模拟和数学方法来建立模型，帮助理解波浪的形成。 研究者和实验神经科学家之间的合作研究导致了最近在大鼠皮层中发现螺旋波。 这是第一次真正证实了哺乳动物皮层的螺旋波，螺旋波被证实与大脑中癫痫发作的发生有关。 本项目的研究成果也被纳入到新的跨学科课程的设计中。