REVSYS: Taxonomic Revisions in the Boletaceae, Fungi

REVSYS：牛肝菌科、真菌的分类学修订

• 批准号: 0414665
• 负责人: Roy Halling
• 金额: $ 21.48万
• 依托单位: New York Botanical Garden
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0414665&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REVSYS; Taxonomic; Revisions; Boletaceae; Fungi

0414665HallingMembers of the porcini mushroom family (commonly called boletes) are easily recognized in natural forests throughout the world. The family contains approximately 25 genera, none of which has received critical taxonomic documentation on a global scale. Dr. Roy Halling, at The New York Botanical Garden, and two Ph.D. students under his guidance, will provide systematic revisions of four genera (Boletellus, Heimiella, Phylloporus, Tylopilus). These four genera appear to have their largest diversity in SE Asia and Australia, areas yet little explored for fungal diversity. Thus, Halling and his students will collaborate onsite with local students and professors to document that diversity, symbiotic associations, and distribution patterns. These collections will be analyzed morphologically and genetically to make it easier to identify these mushrooms, to document the species diversity, and to produce a reliable measure of their relationships to each other. In addition to technical publications, web-based information will be assembled, to provide descriptions of ongoing research, as well as a synthesis of the phylogeny, biodiversity, and ecology of the group. Images, literature guides, and other resources for researchers and educators will also be provided. Furthermore, a searchable database will be available providing up-to-date information on the diversity of genera and species, characters useful in identification, and the relationships among the species. The boletes form symbiotic associations with roots of tropical and temperate forest trees (associations called mycorrhizas), and in this association, the boletes facilitate nutrient uptake for the trees, provide some protection from invasion of soil pathogens, and accomplish nutrient breakdown and recycling of organic matter in the ecosystem. Thus, they are a critical link in maintenance and health of these ecosystems and are crucial for developing forest management plans, reforestation programs, and conservation strategies. Some are also highly prized as wild edibles (they have not successfully been brought into cultivation). In addition, two students (one American and one Brazilian) will be trained as Ph.D. mycologists with expertise for future work in mushroom systematics.

0414665哈尔林牛肝菌家族的成员（通常称为牛肝菌）在世界各地的天然森林中很容易识别。 该科包含大约25个属，其中没有一个在全球范围内获得重要的分类学文献。 罗伊·哈林博士，在纽约植物园，和两个博士。学生在他的指导下，将提供四个属（Boletellus，Heimiella，Phylloporus，Tylopilus）的系统修订。 这四个属似乎在东南亚和澳大利亚有最大的多样性，但很少探索真菌多样性的地区。因此，哈林和他的学生将与当地学生和教授现场合作，记录这种多样性，共生协会和分布模式。 这些收集将进行形态学和遗传学分析，以便更容易识别这些蘑菇，记录物种多样性，并对它们之间的关系进行可靠的测量。除了技术出版物外，还将收集基于网络的信息，以提供正在进行的研究的描述，以及对该群体的生物学、生物多样性和生态学的综合。还将为研究人员和教育工作者提供图像、文献指南和其他资源。此外，还将建立一个可供检索的数据库，提供关于属和种的多样性、有助于识别的特征以及物种之间关系的最新信息。菌根与热带和温带森林树木的根形成共生联合体（称为菌根的联合体），并且在这种联合体中，菌根促进树木的营养吸收，提供一些保护以防止土壤病原体的入侵，并完成营养分解和生态系统中有机物质的再循环。因此，它们是这些生态系统的维护和健康的关键环节，对于制定森林管理计划，重新造林计划和保护战略至关重要。 有些也被高度珍视为野生食用（他们还没有成功地被带入种植）。 此外，两名学生（一名美国人和一名巴西人）将被培养为博士。真菌学家的专业知识，为未来的工作，在蘑菇系统学。