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El´gygytgyn impact structure, Siberia: Investigation of a mid-size impact structure in volcanic target.

西伯利亚埃尔吉吉特金撞击结构：对火山目标中的中型撞击结构进行调查。

基本信息

批准号：
166977551
负责人：
Professor Dr. Wolf Uwe Reimold
金额：
--
依托单位：
Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (MfN)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Infrastructure Priority Programmes
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/166977551?language=en
关键词：
El gygytgyn impact structure Siberia

项目摘要

The young (3.6 Ma), 18 km diameter El´gygytgyn crater in Chukotka, NE Russia, is one of the best-preserved impact structures on Earth. The complex crater structure was formed in a silicious volcanic target, which makes it a rare terrestrial equivalent to the abundant impact structures in volcanics on other planetary surfaces (e.g., on Mars). After the impact a crater lake formed – within which undisturbed and continued lacrustrine sedimentation took place to establish a continuous, long-term reservoir of paleoenvironmental information. The crater was never covered by glaciers or ice shields, which allowed the development of a unique arctic climate archive. In spring 2009 a drilling campaign by the “International Continental Drilling Project (ICDP)” recovered a complete (517 m) sequence of lake sediments and impactites (317 m of lacustrine, post-impact sediments, a several m wide transition zone to the underlying impact breccias - 25 m suevite above 170 m monomict lithic breccia). The goals for drilling were: (1) to collect an unprecedented record of climate history in the terrestrial arctic, and (2) to facilitate study of the crater fill and the crater floor geology of this unique impact structure in a rare geological setting. Here we propose a petrographic (incl. shock deformation) and chemical (incl. projectile identification) project aimed at elucidating the formation of the impactite sequence in this drill core, and – in conjunction with numerical modeling based on these results (during phase 2) – at a better understanding of the impact processes involved in generation of this complex impact structure.

年轻的（3.6 Ma），直径18公里的El 'gygytgyn陨石坑位于俄罗斯东北部的楚科奇，是地球上保存最完好的撞击结构之一。复杂的火山口结构是在硅质火山目标中形成的，这使得它成为一种罕见的陆地等同于其他行星表面火山岩中丰富的撞击结构（例如，在火星上）。撞击后形成了一个火山口湖，在其中发生了未受干扰和持续的碎屑沉积，建立了一个连续的、长期的古环境信息库。这个陨石坑从未被冰川或冰盾覆盖，这使得一个独特的北极气候档案得以发展。2009年春季，“国际大陆钻探项目（ICDP）”的钻探活动恢复了一个完整的（517米）湖泊沉积物和撞击岩序列（317米的湖泊，撞击后沉积物，几米宽的过渡区到下面的撞击角砾岩-170米单矿物岩屑角砾岩上方的25米苏云铁岩）。钻探的目标是：（1）收集北极地区前所未有的气候历史记录;（2）促进对这一罕见地质环境中独特撞击结构的火山口填充物和火山口底部地质的研究。在这里，我们提出了一个岩相（包括。冲击变形）和化学（包括，该项目旨在阐明该岩心中撞击岩序列的形成，并结合基于这些结果的数值模拟（在第二阶段），更好地了解产生这种复杂撞击结构所涉及的撞击过程。