SuperDARN Radar Investigations of Global Processes in the High-Latitude Ionosphere: Infrastructure, Community Support, and Science

该合同支持超级双极光雷达网络（superdamn）的运行和科学使用。superdamn是一个全球高频雷达网络，提供北半球（9个雷达）和南半球（6个雷达）高纬度电离层的连续测量。它提供了电离层等离子体对流和电场的结构和动力学的中尺度和全球尺度的观点，这是研究将质量和能量从太阳风耦合到磁层-电离层-大气系统的过程所需要的。来自雷达的其他有价值的测量包括中层顶附近的中性风的速度，磁层边界向电离层投影的代用物，以及小尺度电离不规则性的特征。superdam是一个涉及10个国家资助机构的国际合作项目。美国的责任包括运行位于拉布拉多Goose Bay和安大略省Kapuskasing的超级雷达，以及整个超级雷达网络的数据处理和分发。美国研究界通过与获奖机构约翰霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室（JHU/APL）的superdams研究人员合作，获得了对整个数据集的访问权。作为superdams的创始机构，JHU/APL为整个合作提供监督和管理。JHU/APL团队负责开发和分发superdam雷达的核心操作软件以及大部分分析软件。JHU/APL还负责从北部和澳大利亚雷达收集数据，用于随后的DVD生产。JHU/APL支持superdam设施的活动包括社区支持和研究功能。通过各种方式支持更广泛的社区使用superdam数据，包括从专门的网站分发和JHU/APL工作人员的个人参与。JHU/APL课题组的研究项目包括电离层对流对IMF变化的响应、电离层电场空间气象能力的实现以及电离层与磁层之间对流的磁共轭。其他要研究的课题包括大气焦耳加热的全球测定，中间层行星波的表征，以及与NSF先进模块化非相干散射雷达（AMISR）的合作研究。计划建造的额外超级雷达，将增加现有的高纬度链，并将覆盖范围扩展到极帽和中纬度地区，为解决太阳-地球连接研究中的关键问题提供了显著的数据供应。

This award supports the operation and scientific use of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). SuperDARN is a global network of HF radars that provide continuous measurements of the high-latitude ionosphere in both the northern (9 radars) and southern (6 radars) hemispheres. It provides the meso- and global-scale views of the structure and dynamics of ionospheric plasma convection and electric fields that are needed to study the processes that couple mass and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system. Other valuable measurements from the radars include the velocity of the neutral winds near the mesopause, proxies for the projection of magnetospheric boundaries into the ionosphere, and the characteristics of small-scale ionization irregularities. SuperDARN is an international collaboration involving the funding agencies of ten countries. The U. S. responsibility includes the operation of the SuperDARN radars at Goose Bay, Labrador and Kapuskasing, Ontario, as well as the data processing and distribution for the entire SuperDARN network. The U.S. research community gains access to the entire dataset through association with SuperDARN researchers at the awardee institution, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). As the founding institution of SuperDARN, JHU/APL provides oversight and management for the entire collaboration. The JHU/APL team is responsible for the development and distribution of the core operating software for the SuperDARN radars and for much of the analysis software. JHU/APL is also responsible for assembling data from the northern and Australian radars for subsequent DVD production. The activities at JHU/APL in support of the SuperDARN facility include both community support and research functions. The wider community is supported in its use of SuperDARN data by a variety of means, including distribution from a dedicated web site and the personal involvement of JHU/APL staff. The research programs of the JHU/APL team include the response of ionospheric convection to IMF variations, the realization of a space weather capability for ionospheric electric fields, and the magnetic conjugacy of convection between the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Other topics to be studied include global determination of atmospheric Joule heating, characterization of planetary waves in the mesosphere, and collaborative research with the NSF Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar (AMISR). The planned construction of additional SuperDARN radars, which will both augment the existing high-latitude chains and extend coverage into the polar cap and mid-latitude regions, promises a significant boost in the supply of data for resolving critical problems in Sun-Earth connections research.