SuperDARN Radar Investigations of Global Processes in the High-Latitude Ionosphere: Infrastructure, Community Support, and Science

该奖项支持超级双极光雷达网络（SuperDARN）的运行和科学使用。 SuperDARN 是一个全球高频雷达网络，可连续测量北半球（9 个雷达）和南半球（6 个雷达）的高纬度电离层。它提供了电离层等离子体对流和电场的结构和动力学的中观和全球尺度视图，这些视图是研究将太阳风的质量和能量耦合到磁层-电离层-大气系统的过程所需的。雷达的其他有价值的测量结果包括中层顶附近的中性风的速度、磁层边界投影到电离层的代理以及小规模电离不规则性的特征。 SuperDARN 是一项国际合作项目，涉及十个国家的资助机构。美国的责任包括在安大略省古斯湾、拉布拉多和卡普斯卡辛运行SuperDARN雷达，以及整个SuperDARN网络的数据处理和分发。美国研究界通过与获奖机构约翰·霍普金斯大学应用物理实验室 (JHU/APL) 的 SuperDARN 研究人员合作，可以访问整个数据集。作为 SuperDARN 的创始机构，JHU/APL 为整个合作提供监督和管理。 JHU/APL 团队负责 SuperDARN 雷达核心操作软件以及大部分分析软件的开发和分发。 JHU/APL 还负责收集来自北部和澳大利亚雷达的数据，用于后续 DVD 制作。 JHU/APL 支持 SuperDARN 设施的活动包括社区支持和研究功能。通过多种方式支持更广泛的社区使用 SuperDARN 数据，包括从专门网站分发以及 JHU/APL 工作人员的亲自参与。 JHU/APL团队的研究项目包括电离层对流对IMF变化的响应、电离层电场空间天气能力的实现以及电离层和磁层之间对流的磁共轭。其他要研究的主题包括大气焦耳热的全球测定、中间层行星波的表征以及与 NSF 高级模块化非相干散射雷达 (AMISR) 的合作研究。计划建造更多的 SuperDARN 雷达，这将增强现有的高纬度链，并将覆盖范围扩大到极冠和中纬度地区，有望大大增加解决日地连接研究中关键问题的数据供应。

This award supports the operation and scientific use of the Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN). SuperDARN is a global network of HF radars that provide continuous measurements of the high-latitude ionosphere in both the northern (9 radars) and southern (6 radars) hemispheres. It provides the meso- and global-scale views of the structure and dynamics of ionospheric plasma convection and electric fields that are needed to study the processes that couple mass and energy from the solar wind into the magnetosphere-ionosphere-atmosphere system. Other valuable measurements from the radars include the velocity of the neutral winds near the mesopause, proxies for the projection of magnetospheric boundaries into the ionosphere, and the characteristics of small-scale ionization irregularities. SuperDARN is an international collaboration involving the funding agencies of ten countries. The U. S. responsibility includes the operation of the SuperDARN radars at Goose Bay, Labrador and Kapuskasing, Ontario, as well as the data processing and distribution for the entire SuperDARN network. The U.S. research community gains access to the entire dataset through association with SuperDARN researchers at the awardee institution, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (JHU/APL). As the founding institution of SuperDARN, JHU/APL provides oversight and management for the entire collaboration. The JHU/APL team is responsible for the development and distribution of the core operating software for the SuperDARN radars and for much of the analysis software. JHU/APL is also responsible for assembling data from the northern and Australian radars for subsequent DVD production. The activities at JHU/APL in support of the SuperDARN facility include both community support and research functions. The wider community is supported in its use of SuperDARN data by a variety of means, including distribution from a dedicated web site and the personal involvement of JHU/APL staff. The research programs of the JHU/APL team include the response of ionospheric convection to IMF variations, the realization of a space weather capability for ionospheric electric fields, and the magnetic conjugacy of convection between the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Other topics to be studied include global determination of atmospheric Joule heating, characterization of planetary waves in the mesosphere, and collaborative research with the NSF Advanced Modular Incoherent Scatter Radar (AMISR). The planned construction of additional SuperDARN radars, which will both augment the existing high-latitude chains and extend coverage into the polar cap and mid-latitude regions, promises a significant boost in the supply of data for resolving critical problems in Sun-Earth connections research.