U.S.-Morocco Cooperative Research : Optimal Groundwater Models for Sustainable Management of Coastal Aquifers

项目描述：本项目支持密西西比大学土木工程系Alexander Cheng博士与摩洛哥拉巴特穆罕默德五世大学土木工程系Abdelkader Larabi博士的合作项目。他们建议开展研究，为摩洛哥和其他国家的沿海含水层开发可持续水资源管理的最佳模式。预期结果包括海水入侵约束下地下水的优化开采，监测项目和补给评价的更好管理，水资源的保护。三维有限元法将使用一个强大的求解器来分析可用的数据，如地下水压力测量水头、抽水活动和盐度浓度。地理信息系统（GIS）和图形用户界面（GUI）将用于预处理和后处理，特别是网格生成和可视化。将研究海水入侵、抽水井附近上升、最佳抽水速率、人工补给评估及其环境和社会经济影响等问题。地下水数值模拟工具和优化模型的结合将用于实现这些目标。摩洛哥南部阿加迪尔的Souss Massa沿海油田被选为这一综合模式的示范点。由于地下水的过度开采和缺乏自然和人工补给，苏马萨蓄水层正遭受来自大西洋的严重盐水入侵。模拟不同补给位置、泵送调节和最佳泵送速率分布的情景，以评估最佳的海水入侵控制策略。虽然在过去十年中出现了依赖于密度的三维盐水入侵计算机模型，但到目前为止，它们的使用仅限于小规模的含水层研究。本项目将应用这些模型，结合优化工具、GIS和GUI可视化功能，研究摩洛哥的一个区域问题，从而制定最佳管理方案。范围和更广泛的影响：沿海淡水资源的可持续利用是美国、摩洛哥以及世界上所有沿海国家面临的一个重要问题。该项目将增加穆罕默德五世大学师生的教育机会和研究能力，研究结果将有助于保护摩洛哥一个重要经济区域的水资源。水资源管理者和决策者可以利用开发的工具更有效地进行规划和决策。所开发的系统可用于世界各地沿海地区的类似情况。

0422868 ChengDescription: This project supports a cooperative project by the Dr. Alexander Cheng, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi and Dr. Abdelkader Larabi, Department of Civil Engineering, Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingenieures, University Mohamed V, Rabat, Morocco. They propose to conduct research to develop optimal models for sustainable water management in coastal aquifers of Morocco and in other countries. The expected outcomes include the optimal exploitation of groundwater under the constraint of seawater intrusion, better management of monitoring programs and recharge assessment, and water resources protection. A three-dimensional finite element method with a robust solver will be used to analyze available data such as groundwater piezometric head, pumping activities, and salinity concentrations. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Graphic User Interface (GUI) will be employed for pre- and post-processing, especially for mesh generation and visualization. Problems involving saltwater intrusion, up coning near pumping wells, optimal pumping rate, artificial recharge assessment, and their environmental and socio-economic impacts, will be studied. A combination of groundwater numerical simulation tools and optimization models will be used to accomplish these objectives. The Souss Massa coastal field in Agadir, south of Morocco, is selected as the demonstration site for this integrated model. The Souss Massa aquifer is suffering serious saltwater intrusion from the Atlantic Ocean due to overexploitation of groundwater and the lack of natural and artificial recharge. Scenarios varying recharge locations, pumping regulation, and optimal pumping rate distribution will be simulated to assess the best seawater intrusion control strategies. Although three-dimensional density dependent saltwater intrusion computer models became available during the last decade, their use so far are limited to small scale aquifer studies. This project will apply these models, combined with the optimization tools, and the GIS and GUI visualization capabilities, to study a regional problem in Morocco, leading to a best management program.Scope and broader Impact: Sustainable use of coastal freshwater resources is an important problem for the US, Morocco, as well as all coastal nations around the world. The project will enhance the education opportunities and research capacity for the students and faculty of the University of Mohamed V. The outcome of the study will help to protect the water resources of a vital economic region of Morocco. Water resources managers and decision makers can utilize the developed tools to conduct their planning and decision making more efficiently. The system developed can be applied to similar situations in coastal regions around the world.