Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: El Marquesillo Archaeological Survey

博士论文改进补助金：El Marquesillo 考古调查

• 批准号: 0424526
• 负责人: Robert Tykot
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: University of South Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-15 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0424526&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; El

Under the supervision of Dr. Robert H. Tykot, Travis Doering will collect and analyze data from the Formative period (c. 1250 B.C. to A.D. 200) Gulf Olmec site of El Marquesillo, Veracruz, Mexico. Through a combination of archaeological survey, artifact collection, mapping, and geophysical prospection, Doering will investigate the structure and composition of the site. The investigation of El Marquesillo presents an opportunity to examine a site whose role within the social and economic landscape of the Formative period Gulf Coast is uncertain. Data generated by this research will be used to evaluate alternative models of Olmec settlement hierarchy and political economy. Documenting and studying the site's structure and composition will yield information about its political organization, and collecting and analyzing artifact assemblages will produce data on local economic patterns and processes. Combined, these data will provide new information on the sociopolitical interactions among core and periphery sites within the region known as the Gulf Olmec Heartland.Preliminary investigation of ceramic and sculptural evidence at the site indicates that its inhabitants articulated with other Olmec centers. The nature and timing of such interactions remain unknown, however, as do the political and economic consequences of those relationships. These are significant variables for understanding intraregional associations and the long-term trajectory of Gulf Olmec civilization, as well as its impact on the emergence and development of sociopolitical complexity in Mesoamerica.The research will consist of an integrated series of survey, collection, prospecting, and mapping techniques that will detect and record landscape signatures, site constituents, and subsurface deposits. The site will be mapped using a total station, magnetometer, and electro-magnetic conductivity meter. Anthropic soil surveys will be used to examine the presence and nature of subsurface deposits, with the greater goal of understanding earlier activity loci for comparison with later site organization. Profiling of selected segments of the dynamic river cut, which has exposed significant portions of the site, will be used to link these sets of observations together to form a diachronic picture of settlement organization. Analysis of the surface collected ceramic and lithic artifact assemblages will permit an assessment of patterns of intrasite distribution and will allow inferences to be made concerning the degree to which the site's residents were involved in intraregional exchange networks. The combination of these data with photogrammetric techniques will result in a series of GIS-generated images of the site that will offer a high resolution picture of the site's occupational history.Through this multi-stage research design using non-invasive techniques, the research will evaluate contrasting explanations for the political and economic role that El Marquesillo played in the Gulf Coast Olmec sociopolitical hierarchy. The resulting data will contribute to the limited body of evidence that presently exists concerning peripheral sites during the Formative period on the southern Gulf Coast and form a base upon which future investigations can build. A broader impact of this work will be the enhancement of the co-investigator's scientific and archaeological capabilities and an improved heuristic and practical relationship between archaeologists of Mexico and the United States.

在 Robert H. Tykot 博士的监督下，Travis Doering 将收集并分析墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州埃尔马奎西约奥尔梅克湾形成时期（约公元前 1250 年至公元 200 年）的数据。通过结合考古调查、文物收集、测绘和地球物理勘探，多林将调查该遗址的结构和组成。对 El Marquesillo 的调查提供了一个机会来研究这个在墨西哥湾沿岸形成时期的社会和经济格局中所扮演的角色尚不确定的地点。这项研究产生的数据将用于评估奥尔梅克定居点等级制度和政治经济的替代模型。记录和研究该遗址的结构和组成将产生有关其政治组织的信息，收集和分析文物组合将产生有关当地经济模式和流程的数据。综合起来，这些数据将提供有关奥尔梅克湾中心地带核心和外围遗址之间社会政治互动的新信息。对该遗址陶瓷和雕塑证据的初步调查表明，其居民与其他奥尔梅克中心有联系。然而，这种互动的性质和时机仍然未知，这些关系的政治和经济后果也是如此。这些是了解区域内关联和奥尔梅克湾文明的长期轨迹及其对中美洲社会政治复杂性的出现和发展的影响的重要变量。该研究将包括一系列综合的调查、收集、勘探和绘图技术，这些技术将检测和记录景观特征、场地成分和地下沉积物。该地点将使用全站仪、磁力计和电磁导率计进行测绘。人类土壤调查将用于检查地下沉积物的存在和性质，其更大的目标是了解早期的活动地点，以便与后来的场地组织进行比较。对动态河流切割的选定部分进行剖析，这些部分暴露了该地点的重要部分，将用于将这些观察结果连接在一起，以形成聚落组织的历时图景。对表面收集的陶瓷和石制品组合的分析将有助于评估遗址内的分布模式，并可推断该遗址的居民参与区域内交换网络的程度。这些数据与摄影测量技术的结合将产生一系列由 GIS 生成的遗址图像，从而提供该遗址职业历史的高分辨率图片。通过使用非侵入性技术的多阶段研究设计，该研究将评估 El Marquesillo 在墨西哥湾沿岸奥尔梅克社会政治等级制度中所扮演的政治和经济角色的对比解释。由此产生的数据将有助于目前存在的有关墨西哥湾南部沿岸形成期外围遗址的有限证据，并为未来的调查奠定基础。这项工作的更广泛影响将是提高共同研究者的科学和考古能力，并改善墨西哥和美国考古学家之间的启发和实践关系。