Building ocean crust: Quantitative analyses of submarine lava channel formation and laboratory simulations

构建海洋地壳：海底熔岩通道形成的定量分析和实验室模拟

• 批准号: 0425073
• 负责人: Tracy Gregg
• 金额: $ 4.79万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-08-01 至 2006-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0425073&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Building; ocean; crust; Quantitative; analyses

Abstract (0425073) - GreggSubmarine lava channels are a vital mechanism for lava transport, particularly at mid-ocean ridges where they play an important role in distributing lava away from the ridge axis. However, no one has ever observed an active submarine lava channel, so that its formation, evolution and precise nature of lava delivery are unknown. This research will carry out a detailed study of submarine lava channels at the northern East Pacific Rise (EPR) between 9degrees - 10degreesN, the southern EPR between 17degrees - 19degrees S, the Puna Ridge (the submarine extension of Kilauea volcano's East Rift Zone) and the Juan de Fuca Ridge. Tow-camera data, DSL-120 kHz imagery and dive videos (from manned submersibles and remotely operated vehicles), will be used to identify lava channels from these sites, measure channel depths and lengths and create detailed maps of the surface textures of these channels. These images and maps will be compared to those generated in laboratory experiments using polyethylene glycol wax and cold sucrose solutions to simulate lava channel emplacement processes and how parameters such as flow rate and topography change channel morphology. This work has implications for the generation of seismic layer 2A in ocean crust and improving our understanding of seafloor eruption rates, frequencies, and durations. Broader impacts include the education and training of a PhD student and undergraduate, support of a female PI and utilization of archived images from previous NSF-funded cruises.

摘要（0425073）-Gregg海底熔岩通道是熔岩运输的重要机制，特别是在大洋中脊，它们在远离脊轴分布熔岩方面发挥着重要作用。然而，从来没有人观察到一个活跃的海底熔岩通道，因此它的形成，演化和熔岩输送的精确性质是未知的。这项研究将详细研究位于北纬9度至10度之间的北方东太平洋隆起（EPR）、南纬17度至19度之间的EPR、普纳海岭（基拉韦厄火山东裂谷带的海底延伸）和胡安·德富卡海岭的海底熔岩通道。 双摄像机数据、DSL-120 kHz图像和潜水视频（来自载人潜水器和远程操作潜水器）将用于识别这些地点的熔岩通道、测量通道深度和长度并创建这些通道表面纹理的详细地图。 这些图像和地图将被比较，在实验室实验中使用聚乙二醇蜡和冷蔗糖溶液模拟熔岩通道侵位过程和参数，如流速和地形改变通道形态。 这项工作对海洋地壳中地震层2A的产生具有影响，并提高了我们对海底喷发速率，频率和持续时间的理解。 更广泛的影响包括博士生和本科生的教育和培训，女性PI的支持和利用以前NSF资助的巡航存档图像。