Collaborative Research: Quantifying the Emplacement of Channeled Flow Using Experimental, Analytical and Numerical Analyses

虽然通道熔岩流在整个太阳系中很常见，但通道形态、喷发和侵位参数以及熔岩特性之间的关系还没有很好的了解。 从我们以前的研究结果，结合分析模型与精心控制的实验室模拟提出了许多问题，无法解决与现有的数据。我们目前的建议解决了这些限制，通过收集数据，从额外的实验室模拟，特别是隔离的基础斜坡和坡折对通道的发展，流变学的影响，以及温度依赖性粘度对通道形态的影响。这将通过使用PEG（具有温度依赖性粘度的牛顿流体）、高岭土填充的PEG（具有温度依赖性粘度的宾汉流体）和高岭土浆料（等温宾汉流体）来实现，以在实验室中在不同的下伏斜坡（1度-50度）上产生通道流。通道内的实验室流的速度分布将仔细测量中性浮力彩色珠作为示踪剂注入流。Sakimoto博士开发的计算流体动力学（CFD）流动模拟将被修改，以处理实验室流动中发现的条件。将进行初步的CFD模拟，以了解实验室流动中非均匀温度分布、从PEG和罐底到实验室环境的热损失以及PEG扩散到周围蔗糖溶液中等效应的重要性。将测量Gregg博士进行的模拟流的形态参数，用于验证和改进CFD模拟结果。 反过来，CFD模拟将用于充分表征和理解在实验室中主导流动安置和冷却的物理过程。 这些结果将被测试对天然玄武岩熔岩流，如1984年莫纳罗亚山，夏威夷喷发和较小的pahoehoe通道期间产生的Pu 'u O 'o在基拉韦厄火山，夏威夷目前的喷发。

GreggEAR-0001295Although channeled lava flows are common throughout the solar system, relations between channel morphology, eruption and emplacement parameters, and lava properties are not well understood. Results from our previous study, combining analytical models with carefully controlled laboratory simulations raised many questions that could not be addressed withavailable data. Our current proposal addresses these limitations by collecting data from additional laboratory simulations, specifically to isolate the effects of underlying slope and slope breaks on channel development, the effects of rheology, and the effects of temperature-dependent viscosities on channel morphology. This will be accomplished by using PEG (a Newtonian fluid with a temperature-dependent viscosity), kaolin-charged PEG (a Bingham fluid with a temperature-dependent viscosity) and kaolin slurries (an isothermal Bingham fluid) to generate channeled flows on different underlying slopes (1degree-50 degrees) in the laboratory. Velocity distributions within channeled laboratory flows will be carefully measured using neutrally buoyant colored beads injected into the flow as tracers. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) flow simulations developed by Dr. Sakimoto will be modified to treat the conditions found in laboratory flows. Preliminary CFD simulations will be run to understand the significance in laboratory flows of such effects as non-homogenous temperature distributions, heat loss from the PEG and tankbottom to the laboratory environment, and diffusion of PEG into the surrounding sucrose solution. Morphologic parameters from the simulated flows conducted by Dr. Gregg will be measured used to validate and refine CFD simulation results. The CFD simulations, in turn, will be used to fully characterize and understand the physical processes that dominate flowemplacement and cooling in the laboratory. These results will be tested against natural basaltic lava flows, such as the 1984 Mauna Loa, Hawaii eruption and smaller pahoehoe channels produced during the current eruption of Pu'u O'o at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii.