Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Santiago Tuxtla Archaeological Project

博士论文改进补助金：圣地亚哥·图斯特拉考古项目

• 批准号: 0427511
• 负责人: Christopher Pool
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Kentucky Research Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0427511&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Santiago

Under the supervision of Dr. Christopher A. Pool, Marcie L. Venter will conduct archaeological research at Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico. Totogatl is the original location of Tuxtla, which was one of the principal towns in the Aztec province of Tochtepec, and the early colonial predecessor to modern Santiago Tuxtla. The visible ruins at the site include several pre-Columbian pyramid mounds, as well as the stone foundations of a colonial building believed to have been a convent, which the Spanish conquistador, Hernan Cortes, ordered to be built. Venter's investigations will consist of mapping the site, conducting systematic surface collections of artifacts and excavating key areas. Together, these sets of data will allow her to identify areas of local and foreign occupation, and to document changes in settlement, craft production, and artifact inventories as a result of interaction with the Aztec Empire.Tuxtla is particularly important because it lay on the eastern edge of the Aztec empire. Whereas a great deal is known about the Aztecs in their core region of central Mexico, interactions with the imperial frontiers are much less understood. Elsewhere, boundary interactions in the precapitalist world were often multidimensional, with different degrees of control, peaceful alliance, and resistance. The same may have been true of Tuxtla, which is recorded as having paid tribute to the Aztec Empire, but which was also part of a region renowned in its time for its commercial success and relative autonomy. In addition, some of Tuxtla's inhabitants are recorded as having spoken a local version of the Aztec language, Nahuatl, while others spoke the indigenous Popoluca language. Venter's investigation will test different models of Aztec-Tuxtla interaction, including (1) Aztec domination of Tuxtla, (2) Tuxtla independence and competition with the Aztec Empire, and (3) sharing of authority with the Empire's representatives. She will also investigate whether Tuxtla's relations with the Aztecs shifted among these alternatives over time. Understanding how the Aztecs and Tuxtecos managed their relationships with one another may provide insights into imperial relations elsewhere on the Aztec frontier and precaptialist boundary dynamics in general.Beyond the research questions of interest to social scientists, this project will have a broader impact by enhancing public understanding of science, particularly through its cooperation with the Tuxtla Regional Museum, which is currently being refurbished by Mexican agencies. The museum hosts a steady stream of local residents and schoolchildren as well as foreign tourists traveling to the region's other archaeological and ecological attractions. Archaeological specimens and educational resources provided by the project will enhance the museum's collections and public outreach activities. In addition, the project will provide training opportunities for students from Mexican universities and employment for local citizens.

在克里斯托弗·A·普尔博士的监督下，Marcie L.Venter将在墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯的Tuxtla进行考古研究。Totogatl是Tuxtla的原址，Tuxtla是阿兹特克省Tochtepec的主要城镇之一，也是现代圣地亚哥Tuxtla的早期殖民地前身。遗址上可见的废墟包括几个哥伦布时代的金字塔前的土丘，以及一座殖民建筑的石头地基，据信这座建筑曾是一座修道院，西班牙征服者赫尔南·科尔特斯下令修建的。文特尔的调查将包括绘制遗址地图，对文物进行系统的地面收集，并挖掘关键区域。总而言之，这些数据将使她能够确定当地和外国占领的地区，并记录由于与阿兹特克帝国的互动而导致的定居点、手工艺品生产和文物库存的变化。塔斯特拉特别重要，因为它位于阿兹特克帝国的东部边缘。虽然人们对墨西哥中部核心地区的阿兹特克人有很多了解，但对他们与帝国边境的互动了解要少得多。在其他地方，前资本主义世界的边界互动往往是多维的，具有不同程度的控制、和平联盟和抵抗。塔斯特拉可能也是如此，它被记录为向阿兹特克帝国进贡，但它也是当时以商业成功和相对自治而闻名的地区的一部分。此外，据记录，Tuxtla的一些居民说的是当地版本的阿兹特克语--Nahuatl，而另一些人说的是土著波波卢卡语。文特尔的调查将测试阿兹特克-塔斯特拉互动的不同模式，包括(1)阿兹特克人对塔斯特拉的统治，(2)塔斯特拉的独立和与阿兹特克帝国的竞争，以及(3)与帝国代表分享权力。她还将调查塔斯特拉与阿兹特克人的关系是否随着时间的推移而在这些替代方案中发生变化。了解阿兹特克人和塔斯特科斯人是如何处理彼此关系的，可能会为深入了解阿兹特克边境其他地方的帝国关系和资本主义之前的边界动态提供洞察。除了社会科学家感兴趣的研究问题外，该项目还将通过增进公众对科学的理解而产生更广泛的影响，特别是通过与塔斯特拉地区博物馆的合作，该博物馆目前正由墨西哥机构翻修。博物馆接待了源源不断的当地居民和学童，以及前往该地区其他考古和生态景点的外国游客。该项目提供的考古标本和教育资源将加强博物馆的收藏和公众宣传活动。此外，该项目还将为墨西哥大学的学生提供培训机会，为当地公民提供就业机会。