Physically Aware Computer Architecture

物理感知的计算机体系结构AbstractTechnology缩放和低级别的物理效应正在使设计过程易于管理所需的抽象级别之间的干净接口变得紧张。 随着新的物理现象在基于纳米技术的电路中表现出来，这种紧张关系将增加。 与此同时，微架构在管理物理现象影响性能、能效、成本和预期寿命等关键指标的方式方面变得越来越重要。 该建议考虑了计算机体系结构域和物理域方面之间的相互作用，例如热效应、老化过程、布局规划、互连、工艺变化和电源变化。 我们建议使用“紧凑”模型来模拟这些现象。 我们将开发关键物理现象的模型，并探索管理其影响的架构技术。除非微架构可以解释低层次的物理现象，如工艺，电压和温度的变化，增加设计裕度将强加高，可能是令人望而却步的成本，大大限制了设计的可能性。 发现这些现象的建模和设计方法的相似性提供了一个解决方案。 在更广泛的影响方面，该项目将开发一个灵活的建模基础设施，使架构和计算机系统设计社区能够执行物理感知设计和分析，并补偿这些技术趋势。进一步的影响将来自教育一代学生在更高层次的抽象设计领域考虑低层次的物理现象。

Physically Aware Computer ArchitectureAbstractTechnology scaling and low-level physical effects are straining the clean interfaces between abstraction levels necessary to make the design process manageable. This tension will increase as new physical phenomena are manifested in nanotechnology-based circuits. At the same time, microarchitecture is becoming increasingly important in managing the way physical phenomena impact key figures of merit such as performance, energy efficiency, cost, and expected lifetime. This proposal considers the interaction between the computer architecture domain and physical domain aspects such as thermal effects, aging processes, floorplanning, interconnect, process variations, and power-supply variation. We propose to model these phenomena using "compact" models. We will develop models for key physical phenomena and explore architecture techniques for managing their impact.Unless microarchitecture can account for low-level physical phenomena like process, voltage, and temperature variability, increasing design margins will impose high and possibly prohibitive costs that drastically limit design possibilities. The discovery of similarities in the modeling and design approaches for such phenomena offers a solution. In terms of broader impact, the project will develop a flexible modeling infrastructure that will enable the architecture and computer systems design community to perform physically-aware design and analysis and compensate for these technology trends. Further impact will arise from educating a generation of students to consider low-level physical phenomena in higher-level abstract design domains.