Center for Subtropical and Tropical Oceans and Human Health Research in the Marine Sciences

海洋科学研究中心亚热带和热带海洋与​​人类健康研究中心

• 批准号: 0432368
• 负责人: Lora Fleming
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-05-01 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0432368&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Center; Subtropical; Tropical; Oceans; Human

ABSTRACT OCE-0432368NSF-NIEHS Research Center of Excellence in Oceans and Human Health at the University of MiamiOver the past decade, there has been increasing recognition that the ocean and the ocean-land interface are the sources of organisms and chemicals that can profoundly affect human health. The incidence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) that contaminate the food web or become aerosolized and cause respiratory disease, for example, seem to be increasing in coastal waters worldwide. Coupled with the increasing degradation of coastal waters is the fact human populations inhabiting coastal areas are growing rapidly via migration and reproduction; these two coincident characteristics have resulted in new public awareness and concern for the coastal marine environment.With support for this Center, researchers at the University of Miami will concentrate attention on HAB-related research in the subtropical and tropical oceans adjacent or near Florida. In order to create an environment of inquiry in which oceanographic investigators and biomedical scientists are engaged in fully collaborative research, each research project at the Center will have two principal investigators, an oceanographer and a biomedical researcher. Overall, the University of Miami's Center for Subtropical and Tropical Oceans and Human Health Research in the Marine Sciences (CSTORMS) will include three Research Projects and three Core Facilities. The three Research Projects, known as Recreational Microbes (Assessment of Microbial Indicators for Monitoring Recreational Water Quality in Marine Subtropical and Tropical Environments), Toxic HABs (Toxic Algae: a General Phenomenon in Subtropical and Tropical Coastal Waters and Open Ocean Environments?), and HAB Functional Genomics (Functional Genomics of a Subtropical Harmful Algal Bloom Species: Karenia brevis Davis) are the subject of this NSF proposal. The three Facilities Cores, known as Genomics, Remote Sensing and Toxic Algal Culture, will support the research projects and are funded by NIEHS.Recreational Microbes will investigate the present use of microbial indicators of human health effects in subtropical recreational marine waters, incorporating ongoing modeling of the physical oceanographic environment with the addition of characteristics of microbes causing or indicating public health problems on beaches. This collaboration of environmental engineers, remote sensing oceanographers, microbiologists, physical oceanographic modelers and epidemiologists hope to discover basic, predictive indicators of coastal contamination, including residence times and transport pathways of microbes. Toxic HABs will expand existing research into Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) being conducted by the NIEHS Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center and the NIEHS-funded Florida International University (FIU)-University of Miami (UM) ARCH Program to study population dynamics of phytoplankton species at low concentrations. Many species of dinoflagellates, cyanobacteria and other algae produce toxins that are not presently noticed by humans because those species are not dense enough to produce harmful quantities of toxins or because they are in areas of the ocean where humans are not exposed to the toxins. To better understand the molecular mechanisms and population dynamics that produce toxins, HAB Functional Genomics will investigate mRNA expression in Karenia brevis populations in bloom and non-bloom conditions in the field, quantify patterns of gene expression in K. brevis cultures exposed to different environmental conditions, and use genetic markers to describe population divergence among blooms in the field. An Administrative Office will encourage integrated interdisciplinary and inter-institutional collaboration through an outreach and education, and will be supported by Internal and External Advisory Committees.Broader Impacts: The broader goals of CSTORMS are to foster innovative interdisciplinary scientific research of importance to human health, and to train scientists in the biological and oceanographic sciences concerning issues affecting the subtropical and tropical oceans, and their associated human populations. To accomplish its research program in subtropical/tropical oceans and human health, CSTORMS will collaborate with interdisciplinary scientists at Florida International University (FIU) (Miami, FL), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (Atlanta, GA), the Miami Dade County Dept of Health (Miami, FL), the University of Florida (Gainesville, FL), and other institutions, as well as other Oceans and Human Health Centers.

迈阿密大学海洋与人类健康卓越研究中心OCE-0432368NSF-NIEHS在过去的十年里，人们越来越认识到海洋和海洋-陆地界面是能够深刻影响人类健康的生物和化学物质的来源。例如，在世界各地的沿海水域，有害藻华(HAB)污染食物链或被气雾化并导致呼吸道疾病的发生率似乎正在增加。随着沿海水域日益退化，居住在沿海地区的人口通过迁徙和繁殖正在迅速增长；这两个一致的特征导致了公众对沿海海洋环境的新的认识和关注。在对该中心的支持下，迈阿密大学的研究人员将专注于佛罗里达州附近或附近的亚热带和热带海洋的HAB相关研究。为了创造一个海洋调查人员和生物医学科学家充分合作研究的调查环境，中心的每个研究项目将有两名首席调查人员，一名海洋学家和一名生物医学研究人员。总体而言，迈阿密大学亚热带和热带海洋与人类健康海洋科学研究中心(CSTORMS)将包括三个研究项目和三个核心设施。这三个研究项目分别是娱乐微生物(海洋亚热带和热带环境中监测娱乐水质量的微生物指标评估)、有毒赤潮(有毒藻类：亚热带和热带沿海水域和开阔海洋环境中的普遍现象？)和赤潮功能基因组学(一种亚热带有害藻华物种的功能基因组学：Karenia brevis Davis)，是这项NSF提案的主题。这三个设施核心，即基因组学、遥感和有毒藻类培养，将支持研究项目，并由NIEHS资助。娱乐微生物将调查目前在亚热带休闲海水中对人类健康影响的微生物指示器的使用情况，结合对物理海洋环境的持续模拟，并添加导致或指示海滩公共健康问题的微生物的特征。这项由环境工程师、遥感海洋学家、微生物学家、物理海洋模型师和流行病学家组成的合作，希望发现海岸污染的基本预测指标，包括微生物的停留时间和运输路径。有毒赤潮将扩大由NIEHS海洋和淡水生物医学科学中心和NIEHS资助的佛罗里达国际大学(FIU)-迈阿密大学(UM)ARCH计划进行的有害藻华(HABS)的现有研究，以研究低浓度浮游植物物种的种群动态。许多种类的甲藻、蓝藻和其他藻类产生目前人类没有注意到的毒素，因为这些物种的密度不足以产生有害数量的毒素，或者因为它们位于人类不暴露于毒素的海洋区域。为了更好地了解产生毒素的分子机制和种群动态，HAB功能基因组学将研究田间开花和非开花条件下短穗金龟子种群的mRNA表达，量化暴露于不同环境条件下的短毛金龟子培养物中的基因表达模式，并使用遗传标记来描述田间开花之间的种群分化。行政办公室将通过外联和教育鼓励跨学科和机构间的综合合作，并将得到内部和外部咨询委员会的支持。广泛影响：科学、技术和科学研究中心的更广泛目标是促进对人类健康具有重要意义的创新性跨学科科学研究，并就影响亚热带和热带海洋及其相关人口的问题培训生物和海洋科学方面的科学家。为了完成其在亚热带/热带海洋和人类健康方面的研究计划，CSTORMS将与佛罗里达国际大学(佛罗里达州迈阿密)、疾病控制和预防中心(佐治亚州亚特兰大)、迈阿密戴德县卫生部(迈阿密)、佛罗里达大学(佛罗里达州盖恩斯维尔)和其他机构以及其他海洋和人类健康中心的跨学科科学家合作。