Doctoral Dissertation Research: Transportation, Integration, Facilitation: Prehistoric Footpath Networks in the Sonoran Desert

在凯瑟琳·M博士的监督下。卡梅隆，迪文艾伦白色将进行史前步道网络的研究在索诺兰沙漠地区（特别是帕帕圭里亚）在与霍霍坎前古典（公元775-1150）和经典（公元1150-1300），社会，创造了他们，以及他们与包含他们的物理环境的复杂关系的时间段。 他将研究如何通过使用从机载和星载传感器系统，地理信息系统空间分析，定量预测建模，人种学数据和行人调查获得的多光谱和高光谱数据，人行道作为多尺度社区和区域整合的机制。 此外，将有一个重点是发展有效的方法来检测，识别和记录的步道网络和相关的考古features.Footpaths是一个很少研究的全球考古记录的一部分，特别是在新世界的地区，如北美西南部。 虽然正式的道路和堤道可以方便日常活动和仪式游行，但人们更经常地走人行道进行日常任务，从世俗到精神，从附近的食物采购到异国情调的远距离贸易。 大多数情况下，人行道是连接社区与宝贵资源、圣地以及彼此之间的路线。 这些路径的开始和结束位置、它们的方向以及它们之间的联系可以在很大程度上揭示古代人民如何生活以及他们的文化如何运作，因为其中许多活动都是在非正式的、常规的层面上进行的。 更具体地说，步道网络可以说明社区之间的相互联系的程度，特别是当连接是很难通过传统的物质文化，如贸易项目，坟墓货物，建筑，和refuse.The研究计划的考古学家智力价值包括证明实用性和效率的几个新的遥感技术考古实地工作;证明研究的结构，路点，和步道网络的端点可以揭示旅行者的动机，以及在一个特定的区域内的焦点和社会的复杂性;并填补了在考古学的理解帕帕圭利亚的重大差距。 然而，除了社会科学家关注的问题之外，还有几个对广大公众具有重要意义的影响。 首先，这个奖项将有助于研究生的正式培训。 其次，这项研究将进一步促进这样一种观点，即考古学不一定需要挖掘来询问和回答关于过去的重要问题。 第三，白色先生将与两个政府实体（美国空军和国家公园管理局）密切合作，作出互利安排。 每个实体将提供数据，设施和土地，以支持他的研究，以换取他的协助，以保护受空军活动和非法移民在美国各地流动影响的地区的古老人行道。墨西哥边境。 最后，该项目将为该地区的土著人民提供一个重新发现其历史和神话的机会。 步道对西南部的许多群体来说非常重要，由于许多无法控制的因素，生活在索诺兰沙漠的人已经失去了他们大部分古老路径的位置。 白色先生将与这些团体合作，加强他们与景观和他们的过去的联系。

Under the supervision of Dr. Catherine M. Cameron, Devin Alan White will conduct research on prehistoric footpath networks in the Sonoran Desert region (specifically the Papagueria) during the time periods that correlate with the Hohokam Preclassic (AD 775-1150) and Classic (AD 1150-1300), the societies that created them, and their complex relationships with the physical environment that contained them. He will investigate how footpaths acted as mechanisms for multiscalar community and regional integration over time and space through the use of multispectral and hyperspectral data obtained from airborne and spaceborne sensor systems, Geographic Information System spatial analyses, quantitative predictive modeling, ethnographic data, and pedestrian survey. Additionally, there will be a focus on the development of efficient methods for detection, identification, and recording of footpath networks and associated archaeological features.Footpaths are a rarely studied part of the global archaeological record-especially in regions of the New World such as the North American Southwest. While formal roads and causeways can facilitate daily activities and ritual processions, footpaths are traveled more regularly by people carrying out daily tasks that range from the mundane to the spiritual, from nearby food procurement to long distance trade of exotic materials. Most often, footpaths are routes that link communities to valuable resources, to sacred places, and to each other. Where these paths begin and end, what directions they take, and what they connect can reveal much about how ancient peoples lived their lives and how their cultures operated because many of these activities are carried out on an informal, routine level. More specifically, footpath networks can speak to the degree of interconnectedness between communities, especially when connections are difficult to see through traditional material culture such as trade items, grave goods, architecture, and refuse.The intellectual merits of the research program for archaeologists include proving the utility and efficiency of several new remote sensing techniques for archaeological fieldwork; demonstrating that studying the structure, waypoints, and endpoints of footpath networks can reveal the motivations of travelers as well as the foci and complexity of societies within a particular region; and filling in a significant gap in the archaeological understanding of the Papagueria. Beyond the concerns of social scientists, however, there are several impacts of importance to the public at large. First, this award will assist in the formal training of a graduate student. Second, the research will further promote the idea that archaeology does not necessarily need to involve excavation to both ask and answer important questions about the past. Third, Mr. White will be working closely with two government entities (United States Air Force and the National Park Service) in a mutually beneficial arrangement. Each entity will provide access to data, facilities, and land to support his research in exchange for his assistance with their efforts to preserve ancient footpaths in areas affected by the activities of the Air Force and the movements of illegal immigrants across the U.S.-Mexico border. Last, this project will provide native peoples in the region with an opportunity to rediscover a part of their history and mythology. Footpaths are very important to many groups in the Southwest and, due to many factors outside of their control, those that live in the Sonoran Desert have lost track of where most of their ancient paths are located. Mr. White will be working with these groups to strengthen their connection to the landscape and their past.