SBIR Phase I: Power System Restoration - The Graceful Degradation Phase

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目研究控制孤岛的电力系统在重大干扰。大多数电力系统故障发生在高压和超高压输电线路上，这是由于其暴露长度引起的脆弱性。这些故障中的大多数，例如由闪电引起的故障，都是暂时的，持续时间很短。这些故障被迅速清除，使电力系统处于无故障状态。然而，在短的故障持续时间内，发电机的电输出减少，而对发电机的机械输入几乎保持恒定。扭矩不平衡的影响是发电机组以不同的速率加速并相对于彼此“摆动”。如果不迅速纠正，它们可能会失去同步，形成不平衡的负载生成岛，从而导致停电。建议的在线实时方法有可能避免形成不平衡的负载生成岛，从而减少停电的可能性，程度和持续时间。长时间停电对公众、经济和电力系统本身的影响使得快速有效的受控孤岛非常重要。有效的系统隔离可以减少停电对客户和受影响地区经济的影响，同时降低设备损坏的可能性。

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project investigates controlled islanding of power system during major disturbances. Most power system faults occur on high- and extra high-voltage transmission lines due to their vulnerability arising from their exposed lengths. The majority of these faults, such as those caused by lightning, are temporary and of short duration. These faults are rapidly cleared leaving the power system in an unfaulted condition. However, during the short fault duration, the electrical output of generators' decrease, while the mechanical input to the generators remain practically constant. The effect of the torque imbalance is for the groups of generators to accelerate at different rates and to "swing" with respect to one another. If not quickly corrected they may lose synchronism, forming imbalance load-generation islands, and consequently resulting in blackouts. The proposed online real-time methodology has the potential of avoiding the formation of imbalance load-generation islands thus reducing the possibility, extent and duration of blackouts. The impact of prolonged blackouts on the public, on the economy, and on the power system itself makes rapid effective controlled islanding very important. An effective system separation reduces the impact of an outage on customers and on the economy of affected area while reducing the possibility of damage to equipment.