High-Resolution Quantitative Reconstructions of Holocene Climatic Changes and Their Impacts on Environment and People in the Central Canadian Arctic

加拿大中部北极地区全新世气候变化及其对环境和人类影响的高分辨率定量重建

• 批准号: 0442177
• 负责人: David Porinchu
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Ohio State University Research Foundation -DO NOT USE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-06-01 至 2008-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0442177&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Resolution; Quantitative; Reconstructions; Holocene; Climatic

This award will be used to obtain quantitative estimates of summer temperature variations during the Holocene Thermal Maximum (HTM) and assess its impact in the Arctic. Specifically, the researchers will document the occurrence and magnitude of the 8,200 year before present (B.P.) event (a sharp climatic reversal distinct in Holocene ice core records), examine the influence of solar variability on Arctic climate, and investigate the impact of climate change on native people.The researchers will sample fossil chironomids, diatoms, and pollen from lake sediment cores to produce a transfer function of summer temperatures for Victoria Island and adjacent continental Canada. Records of the HTM will be examined to assess the impact of prolonged warming on the Arctic. This warming indicates that the HTM was not a unimodal event, but a series of temperature peaks occurring between 1,500 and 6,500 years B.P. This suggests a positive correlation with solar variability.The archaeological record shows that Paleoeskimos were established on Victoria Island by 4,500 years B.P. but suffered a rapid population decline by 3,800 years B.P. High-resolution records during this period would help determine if the decline was from human influence (i.e., over-harvesting of musk-ox) or if a change in climate led to the human population crash.This research will examine Arctic climate variability, a key issue of scientific concern to the broader scientific and science policy communities. The award will enable extensive national and international partnerships in science and support several American graduate and undergraduate students as partners in the research.

这项奖励将用于获得全新世最高温度(HTM)期间夏季温度变化的定量估计，并评估其对北极的影响。具体地说，研究人员将记录目前(B.P.)之前8,200年的发生和规模。研究人员将从湖泊沉积物岩芯中采集摇蚊、硅藻和花粉化石，以产生维多利亚岛和邻近加拿大大陆夏季温度的传递函数。将检查HTM的记录，以评估长期变暖对北极的影响。这种升温表明HTM不是一个单峰事件，而是发生在1500-6500年前的一系列温度峰值。这表明与太阳变化性呈正相关。考古记录显示，在公元前4500年，维多利亚岛上建立了古基莫斯，但在3800年前，人口迅速下降。在此期间的高分辨率记录将有助于确定这种下降是由人类影响(即过度捕捞麝牛)还是气候变化导致的。这项研究将研究北极的气候变异性，这是更广泛的科学和科学政策界关注的一个关键科学问题。该奖项将在科学领域建立广泛的国家和国际合作伙伴关系，并支持几名美国研究生和本科生作为研究伙伴。