Collaborative Research: Species Diversity and Abundance in Insular Systems

合作研究：岛屿系统的物种多样性和丰富度

• 批准号: 0444545
• 负责人: Jonathan Losos
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0444545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Species; Diversity; Abundance

This grant uses small islands as a model system to understand how ecological systems work. Small islands are simple and numerous, facilitating interpretation and statistical replication. A major goal is to determine the effects of a large predatory species, concentrating on how that species affects an intermediate predatory species, and through it,lower levels of the food web such as other predators, herbivores and plants. While many kinds of effects will be studied, a particular focus is how natural selection changes traits of the intermediate predator, in turn modifying how the latter affects lower levels. Models of extinction will continue to be developed and tested with field data. The speed and extent of recovery from hurricanes will be ascertained for the animals, plants and habitat in our study sites. Results of this grant, which seeks in part to establish broad ecological principles, also have important applications. These include improving yield from agroecosystems, predicting consequences of biological invasions, assessing hurricane damage and potential for recovery, and preserving species and habitat. The grant contributes importantly to educational outreach, particularly of undergraduates, by making possible their direct participation in field and laboratory studies.

这笔赠款使用小岛屿作为一个模型系统，以了解生态系统是如何工作的。小岛屿既简单又众多，便于解释和复制统计数据。一个主要目标是确定大型捕食性物种的影响，集中于该物种如何影响中等捕食性物种，并通过它影响较低水平的食物网，如其他捕食者、草食动物和植物。虽然将研究许多种影响，但特别关注的是自然选择如何改变中间捕食者的特征，进而改变后者如何影响较低的水平。将继续开发灭绝模型，并用现场数据进行测试。将确定我们研究地点的动物、植物和栖息地从飓风中恢复的速度和程度。这笔赠款的结果也具有重要的应用价值，它部分是为了建立广泛的生态学原则。这些措施包括提高农业生态系统的产量，预测生物入侵的后果，评估飓风破坏和恢复潜力，以及保护物种和栖息地。这笔赠款通过使大学生能够直接参与实地和实验室研究，对教育宣传工作，特别是对本科生的宣传工作作出了重要贡献。