Syntactic Priming in Comprehension

理解中的句法启动

• 批准号: 0446618
• 负责人: Matthew Traxler
• 金额: $ 9.85万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0446618&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Syntactic; Priming; Comprehension

0446618 TraxlerWith National Science Foundation support, Dr. Matthew J. Traxler will conduct three years of linguistic research examining how readers access and use stored grammatical knowledge while comprehending sentences. The project will use a highly accurate eye-tracker to monitor readers' eye movements as they process sentences of various grammatical types. The experiments will assess the degree to which processing of one sentence facilitates the processing of a following sentence with a similar syntactic structure or overlapping lexical (word-related) information. Because eye-movements are highly sensitive to small changes in processing demands, the readers' patterns of eye-movements will indicate whether reading one sentence speeds the processing of a subsequent sentence. The goals of this research are to (a) determine whether building a "context-free" syntactic structure for one sentence can speed processing of a following sentence, (b) determine whether argument-structure information that is tied to specific words that appear in two consecutive sentences provides the only means to speed processing of the second sentence, and (c) to determine whether facilitated processing occurs across a range of sentence types or is limited to only those sentences that normally cause substantial processing difficulty. The results of this research will be important for understanding how grammatical knowledge is stored and used to determine how words in sentences are related to one another. Further, the results will inform ongoing discussion of the extent to which readers discover the syntactic structure of a sentence by using an autonomous parsing module versus accessing and applying a wide range of probabilistic cues, including lexically stored frequencies. A fully articulated model of normative language processing, particularly those processes used to parse sentences, may be useful to practitioners working with aphasic populations and computer scientists developing computer-based language understanding systems.

在国家科学基金会的支持下，Matthew J. Traxler博士将进行为期三年的语言学研究，研究读者在理解句子时如何访问和使用存储的语法知识。 该项目将使用高度精确的眼动仪来监测读者在处理各种语法类型的句子时的眼球运动。 这些实验将评估一个句子的加工在多大程度上促进了具有相似句法结构或重叠词汇（词相关）信息的下一个句子的加工。 由于眼动对加工需求的微小变化高度敏感，因此读者的眼动模式将指示阅读一个句子是否加速了后续句子的加工。 本研究的目的是（a）确定为一个句子建立“上下文无关”的句法结构是否可以加速下一个句子的处理，（B）确定与出现在两个连续句子中的特定单词相联系的论元结构信息是否提供了加速第二个句子处理的唯一手段，以及（c）确定促进性处理是跨一系列句子类型发生还是仅限于通常引起实质性处理困难的那些句子。 这项研究的结果对于理解语法知识是如何储存的以及如何用来确定句子中的单词是如何相互关联的将是重要的。 此外，结果将告知正在进行的讨论，在何种程度上，读者发现一个句子的句法结构，通过使用一个自主分析模块与访问和应用范围广泛的概率线索，包括词汇存储的频率。 一个完全清晰的规范语言处理模型，特别是那些用于解析句子的过程，可能对从事失语症人群工作的从业者和开发基于计算机的语言理解系统的计算机科学家有用。