Collaborative Research: Structural-Petrologic Characterization of the San Andreas Fault in the SAFOD Drill Holes

合作研究：SAFOD 钻孔中圣安德烈亚斯断层的构造-岩石学特征

• 批准号: 0454527
• 负责人: James Evans
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Utah State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0454527&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Structural; Petrologic; Characterization

0454527EvansThe scientific objective of SAFOD is to understand the physical and chemical processes ofdeformation and earthquake generation within an active, plate-bounding fault. Comprehensiveunderstanding will be possible only if the structure and geochemistry of the fault zone arethoroughly documented and integrated with other data. This collaborative effort will characterizethe composition, structure and deformation mechanisms of the San Andreas fault at theObservatory. Observations of core and cuttings from the pilot hole and first two phases of drilling(2004-2005), and of samples from fault exposures near the drill site, will be integrated withgeophysical and hydrologic data presented in other SAFOD studies to address key questionsregarding structure, physical properties and mechanics of the fault, and to test hypotheses ofearthquake rupture dynamics, energy balance, and fault weakening. Work includes determiningfault rock lithology, and distributions and orientations of fractures, secondary faults, veins, andparticle sizes, and targeting key structures for detailed microstructure, mineralogy, andgeochemistry analyses.

SAFOD的科学目标是了解活动的板块边界断裂内形变和地震发生的物理和化学过程。只有彻底记录断裂带的结构和地球化学并与其他数据相结合，才有可能全面了解断裂带。这项合作工作将描述天文台圣安德烈亚斯断层的组成、结构和变形机制。对先导孔和钻探前两个阶段(2004-2005年)的岩心和岩屑的观察，以及对钻探地点附近断层暴露的样本的观察，将与SAFOD其他研究中提供的地球物理和水文数据相结合，以解决有关断层的结构、物理性质和力学的关键问题，并检验地震破裂动力学、能量平衡和断层减弱的假说。工作包括确定断层岩石的岩性，以及裂缝、次级断层、矿脉和颗粒大小的分布和方向，并针对关键结构进行详细的显微结构、矿物学和地球化学分析。