Microbial community structure and function in different habitats of subsoils and their role in nutrient mobilization and plant growth (MicroSub)

不同生境底土中的微生物群落结构和功能及其在养分动员和植物生长中的作用（MicroSub）

• 批准号: 170009827
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jean Charles Munch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Bodenökologie (IBOE) (aufgelöst)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/170009827?language=en
• 关键词: Microbial; community; structure; function; different

Whereas a lot of results about the role of microbial communities from topsoils for plant growth and – performance have been published in the last two decades, almost nothing is known about the role of microbes in nutrient mobilization in subsoil systems. Furthermore it is unclear if microbes living below 40 cm in soil can be influenced by agricultural management. Both questions should be addressed in the frame of this project. Therefore in the first phase of the project an overall characterization of microbial communities living in different habitats of subsoils should be characterized by high throughput sequencing. These results will give a first insight into microbes living in deeper soil layers and will form the basis for the development of molecular tools to measure abundance and diversity of microbes involved in nitrogen and phosphorus turnover in the field – as well as in the microcosm experiments. Analyzing samples from the field experiment should clarify temporal and spatial heterogeneity of microbial communities and their activities in subsoils. Furthermore the role of hotspots (drilosphere and rhizosphere) in driving microbial performance should be clarified. Mainly the question how nitrogen is metabolized in subsoils will be addressed. By labeling root exudates as well as earthworm excrements with 13C the role of different carbon amounts and quality in the rhizosphere and drilosphere of subsoils in stimulating microbial communities should be analyzed in the central microcosm experiment, by following the 13C label in the microflora. This approach will help to identify possible major factors steering bacteria fungi and archaea in deeper soil layers.

在过去的二十年里，关于表层土壤微生物群落对植物生长和性能的作用已经发表了大量的研究结果，但关于微生物在地下土壤系统中养分动员的作用却几乎一无所知。此外，尚不清楚生活在土壤40厘米以下的微生物是否会受到农业管理的影响。这两个问题都应该在这个项目的框架内得到解决。因此，在项目的第一阶段，生活在不同生境下的微生物群落的总体特征应该通过高通量测序来表征。这些结果将使人们第一次了解生活在更深土层中的微生物，并将为开发分子工具奠定基础，以测量参与田间氮和磷周转的微生物的丰度和多样性——以及微观实验。通过田间试验样品的分析，可以明确土壤微生物群落及其活动的时空异质性。此外，热点（钻井圈和根际）在驱动微生物性能方面的作用应该得到澄清。主要讨论氮在底土中如何代谢的问题。通过对根分泌物和蚯蚓粪便进行13C标记，在中心微观实验中，通过对微生物区系进行13C标记，分析根际和地下土壤中不同碳量和碳质对微生物群落的刺激作用。这种方法将有助于确定可能的主要因素指导细菌真菌和古细菌在较深的土层。