Preserving Video Objects and Context: A Demonstration Project

智慧价值数字保存是21世纪初的重大挑战之一。世界各地的国家图书馆和档案馆都在努力保护数字资产。世界各地的资助机构认识到保护的必要性，并正在资助一系列研究和开发项目。随着数字图书馆和数字化计划在过去十年中的发展，越来越多的研究人员、信息专业人员和政策制定者解决了有关创建、维护以及最近保存数字对象的问题。尽管到目前为止，大多数保存研究都集中在文本和静止图像上，但视频正在成为科学和教育更常见的表达媒介，并提出了独特的保存挑战。该项目建立在数字视频文件及其替代品(http://www.open-video.org)，)早期工作的基础上，寻求保存视频作品的背景并突出其精髓的方法，从而使其更容易被后代理解和接触。长期提供背景访问，使数字对象随着时间的推移可以理解，这对长期保存至关重要。这个项目将集中于开发一个数字视频背景的保存框架，档案管理员可以使用它来做出保存决定和指导寻找辅助工具的开发。这项工作将包括通过将其应用于两个重要的数字视频集合来演示该框架：NASA广播教育视频的完整系列和从1983年至今在年度会议上提交的完整的受审ACM SIGCHI视频。该框架和使用测试集的可演示实例将在今后几年内提供，以便为视频存档决定提供信息。更广泛的影响这项工作将为各种利益相关者带来几个重要成果。首先，它将从理论和实践两个方面阐述数字保存的重要背景方面。这将改善档案决策和查找辅助工具的创建，并提出进一步利用技术的方法，以使其更有效率和效力。其次，这项工作将确定数字视频的保存参数，这是一种日益重要的媒体，但迄今鲜有人关注。第三，这项工作将通过将注意力集中在两个重要的和实质性的视频内容集合上来获得高回报。这些收藏已经被数百万学生和教师(NASA)以模拟或广播形式使用，并被数千名人机交互学生和教职员工以模拟或数字本地形式使用。NASA的视频特别是为了鼓励女性和少数群体参与科学，更广泛和更有效的获取将加强这一任务。第四，这个项目将汇集不同的实践社区，从多个学科的学者到出版商再到教育技术专家。这种跨学科合作提供的协同效应不仅将产生一个更强大的保护框架，还将使这些不同社区对数字保护问题有更好的理解。最后，该项目将产生重大影响，因为它符合新的和创新的筹资模式的要求。

Intellectual MeritDigital preservation stands as one of the grand challenges of the early 21st Century. National libraries and archives from around the world are grappling with the preservation of digital assets. Funding agencies worldwide recognize the preservation imperative and are funding a wide array of research and development projects. As digital libraries and digitization initiatives have grown over the past decade, an increasing number of researchers, information professionals, and policy makers have addressed the issues around creating, maintaining, and, most recently, preserving digital objects. Although most of the preservation research to date has centered on text and still images, video is becoming a more common medium of expression for science and education and offers unique preservation challenges. This project builds on earlier work with digital video files and their surrogates (http://www.open-video.org), seeking ways in which to preserve a video work's context and highlighting its essence, thus making it more understandable and accessible to future generations. Long-term provision of contextualized access that makes digital objects understandable over time is essential to longterm preservation. This project will focus on developing a preservation framework for digital video context that can be used by archivists to make preservation decisions and guide the development of finding aids.The work will include a demonstration of this framework by applying it to two important digital video collections: the complete series of NASA broadcast educational videos and the complete set of juried ACM SIGCHI videos presented at annual conferences from 1983 to the present. The framework and demonstrable examples using the test collections will be made available to inform video archival decisions in the immediate years ahead. Broader ImpactsThis work will have several important outcomes for a variety of stakeholders. First, it will address the important context aspect of digital preservation on both theoretical and practical fronts. This should improve archival decision making and finding aid creation and suggest ways to leverage technology further to make them more efficient and effective. Second, this work will define preservation parameters for digital video, an increasingly important medium that has to date received little attention. Third, this work will have high payoff by focusing attention on two important and substantial collections of video content. These collections are already used in analog or broadcast forms by millions of students and teachers (NASA) and in analog or digital local forms by thousands of human-computer interaction students and faculty. The NASA videos in particular were created to encourage women and minority participation in science and broader and more effective availability will enhance this mission.. Fourth, this project will bring together diverse communities of practice ranging from academics in multiple disciplines to publishers to educational technologists. The synergies such crossdisciplinary collaborations offer will not only result in a more robust framework for preservation but will also produce better understanding of digital preservation issues across these different communities. Finally, this project will have substantial impact because it is tuned to the requirements of a new and innovative funding model.