Problems in Theoretical Physics

这是一个小组提案，旨在继续支持加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的理论物理研究。提出了一个广泛的研究计划，包括弦理论、规范/弦对偶、宇宙超弦、量子黑洞、粒子天体物理、量子混沌理论、晶格规范理论，以及量子场论在粒子物理和定量生物学现象中的应用。弦理论的研究将集中在依赖时间的弦场理论、量子色动力学(QCD)的解析方法、规范/引力二元性、弦真空和超对称破缺。在粒子天体物理学中，将评估对玻尔兹曼方程的非马尔科夫量子修正对各种天体物理现象的影响，例如宇宙微波背景辐射的涨落，大爆炸核合成中元素的产生，以及中微子在太阳和超新星中的传输。量子混沌理论的研究将集中在经典的Ruelle共振及其在量子现象中的作用，以及在量子黑洞中的应用。粒子物理现象学的工作将包括对中微子混合矩阵的研究。定量生物学的工作重点是将量子场论应用于RNA折叠的物理学。格点规范理论的研究将集中在研究强相互作用粒子的质量、轻赝标介子的性质、具有重夸克的粒子的衰变以及强相互作用物质在高温下的行为。

This is a group proposal for the continued support of research in theoretical physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara. A broad research program is proposed, including studies of string theory, gauge/string duality, cosmic superstrings, quantum black holes, particle astrophysics, quantum chaos theory, lattice gauge theory, and the application of quantum field theory to phenomena in particle physics and quantitative biology. Research in string theory will focus on time-dependent string field theory, analytic approaches to quantum chromodynamics (QCD), gauge/gravity dualities, string vacua, and supersymmetry breaking. In particle astrophysics, non-Markovian quantum corrections to the Boltzmann equation will be assessed for their impact on various astrophysical phenomena, such as fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background radiation, production of elements in Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and neutrino transport in the sun and in supernovae. Research in quantum chaos theory will focus on the classical Ruelle resonances and their role in quantum phenomena, with applications to quantum black holes. Work in particle physics phenomenology will include studies of the neutrino mixing matrix. Work in quantitative biology will focus on the application of quantum field theory to the physics of RNA folding. Research in lattice gauge theory will be directed at the study of the masses of strongly interacting particles, the properties of light pseudoscalar mesons, the decays of particles with heavy quarks, and the behavior of strongly interacting matter at high temperatures