Inspection Strategies in Airport Security Systems

这笔赠款为机场安全系统设计科学平台的概念化和开发提供资金。 在第一部分中，我们考虑以纯粹随机的方式（不知道他们的个人属性）将乘客选择成组。我们首先考虑一个静态模型，在该模型中，乘客到达的时间方面被忽略。 然后，我们采取这个基本模型，并通过将到达乘客的时间效应来增强它。 分析了两个案例。 我们研究了一个排队模型，它认为每个检查站作为一个独立的M/M/C队列运行在稳态和模型乘客到达使用时间齐次泊松流。 我们还研究了一个模拟模型，捕捉系统的非稳态行为，并允许乘客到达过程的一般表示。 我们工作的第二部分将调查：（i）通过使用乘客属性来分配组，安全系统效率的潜在改进;以及（ii）分析几个检查站可以一致工作以检测威胁物品的情况。 如果成功的话，这项研究的结果将对几个联邦机构有用，包括运输安全管理局、联邦航空局和联邦政府的国土安全部分部。 拟议的工作将使人们更好地了解应如何改变安全程序，以应对总体威胁概率的变化。 最后，它将提供一个量化框架，以了解（一）由于在乘客分配到组中使用个人属性而可能产生的潜在效率改进，以及（二）考虑设备对潜在威胁物品的联合响应。

This grant provides funding for the conceptualization and development of a scientific platform for the design of airport security systems. In the first part, we consider the selection of passengers into groups in a purely random manner (without knowledge of their individual attributes). We first consider a static model in which the temporal aspect of passenger arrivals is ignored. We then take this basic model and enhance it by incorporating the temporal effects of arriving passengers. Two cases are analyzed. We investigate a queuing model, which considers each check station as an independent M/M/c queue operating in steady state and models passenger arrivals using a time-homogeneous Poisson stream. We also investigate a simulation model that captures the non-steady state behavior of the system and allows for a general representation of the passenger arrival process. The second part of our work will investigate: (i) the potential improvement in the efficiency of the security system by using passenger attributes in assigning groups; and (ii) the analysis of the case where several check stations can work in unison to detect a threat item. If successful, the results of this research will be useful to several federal agencies, including the TSA, FAA and the Department of Homeland Security division of the federal government. The proposed work will lead to a better understanding as to how security procedures should be changed in response to changes in the overall threat probability. Finally, it would provide a quantitative framework to understand (i) the potential efficiency improvements that are likely to arise due to the use of individual attributes in passenger assignments to groups, and (ii) consideration of joint response of equipment to the presence of a potential threat item.