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A first synecological study of the Rhynie chert biota - interactions between organisms and their environment

雷尼燧石生物群的首次协同生态学研究——生物体与其环境之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
17055859
负责人：
Professor Dr. Hans Kerp
金额：
--
依托单位：
Staatssammlung für Paläontologie und Geologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2004-12-31 至 2014-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/17055859?language=en
关键词：
first synecological study Rhynie chert

项目摘要

The Early Devonian Rhynie chert is the oldest and most completely preserved terrestrial ecosystem that includes a broad spectrum of ecotopes, ranging from aquatic environments to land plant vegetations. Most previous studies focused on systematics; ecological studies dealt with the autoecology of selected taxa only. This project will be the first attempt to address the synecology of the Rhynie chert biota, which includes various groups of organisms, i.e. bacteria, cyanobacteria, fungi, algae, land plants and animals. The different types of life communities which are preserved in the various chert types will be characterized and their relationships to the abiotic environment will investigated. Special attention will be given to the broad but vastly unexplored spectrum of soil organisms. Interactions and mutual relationships between different organisms will be another main focus of this project. These include e.g. interactions of fungi and cyanobacteria with underground and aerial parts of land plants, ranging from symbiotic to parasitic relationships, the latter often with typical host reactions. Relationships between plants and animals will be studied and it will be attempted to reconstruct food-webs. Inventories of larger chert blocks and mapping of larger chert surfaces will be used to typify and make three-dimensional reconstructions of the different types of land plant associations. The vertical and spatial distribution of the different life assemblages will provide important information on the dynamics within the Rhynie ecosystem. Because of the outstanding preservation the Rhynie chert offers an excellent opportunity to unravel a fossil terrestrial ecosystem to a degree of detail that is unique in the fossil record. This study will thus provide a detailed picture of a terrestrial ecosystem in all its complexity, representing one of the most crucial periods in Earth history, the early colonization of the land. Therefore, this project will also contribute to a better understanding of the evolution of terrestrial ecosystems through time.

早泥盆世Rhynie燧石是最古老和保存最完整的陆地生态系统，包括广泛的生态环境，从水生环境到陆地植物植被。以前的研究大多集中在系统分类上，生态学研究只涉及选定分类群的自生态学。该项目将是首次尝试解决Rhynie燧石生物群的群落生态学问题，其中包括各种生物群体，即细菌、蓝细菌、真菌、藻类、陆地植物和动物。将对保存在各种燧石类型中的不同类型的生命群落进行表征，并调查它们与非生物环境的关系。将特别关注广泛但尚未探索的土壤生物谱。不同生物之间的相互作用和相互关系将是该项目的另一个主要重点。这些包括例如真菌和蓝细菌与陆地植物的地下和地上部分的相互作用，从共生关系到寄生关系，后者通常具有典型的宿主反应。将研究植物和动物之间的关系，并试图重建食物网。较大燧石块的清单和较大燧石表面的绘图将用于代表和进行不同类型的陆地植物协会的三维重建。不同生命组合的垂直和空间分布将为Rhynie生态系统内的动态提供重要信息。由于突出的保存，Rhynie燧石提供了一个极好的机会，以一定程度的细节，在化石记录中是独一无二的解开化石陆地生态系统。因此，这项研究将提供一个详细的陆地生态系统的所有其复杂性，代表了地球历史上最关键的时期之一，早期的殖民地的土地。因此，该项目也将有助于更好地了解陆地生态系统随时间的演变。