DISSERTATION RESEARCH:Ecological Stoichiometry and Predation: Examining Life History Trade-Offs in Daphnia

论文研究：生态化学计量和捕食：检查水蚤的生活史权衡

• 批准号: 0508761
• 负责人: Stephen Stearns
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2008-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0508761&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Ecological; Stoichiometry; Predation

Daphnia, the water flea, is an integral component of the lake ecosystem. Many aspects of Daphnia biology have been well characterized, including the role of food quality constraints on growth and reproduction, the dynamics of predator-prey interactions, and the complete genome sequence, making it an ideal model organism for an integrated examination of the chemical, environmental, and molecular components of ecology. This project investigates the effect of food quality and predation on Daphnia life history, including growth rate and reproductive output, by quantifying a set of visible traits produced by the interaction between the genotype and a range of environmental conditions (reaction norms). Predictions based on laboratory results will be tested in the field, providing an opportunity to relate nutrition to predation in a natural environment. The research addresses the importance of food quality, predation, and genotypic variation on species interactions and community stability in the lake ecosystem. The results obtained will increase awareness of the importance of elemental ratios in the environment and the impact on organismal composition and ecosystem function.The broader objective of the project is a more complete understanding of the complexity of the aquatic ecosystem. By incorporating chemical, physiological, and molecular approaches to understand ecosystem dynamics, the impact of human-induced environmental change, particularly the eutrophication of lakes via phosphorus enrichment, can be predicted at the molecular, individual, and food web levels. Given the growing stress on the lake environment worldwide, an increased understanding of the consequences of anthropogenic modification of freshwater ecosystems is vitally important.

水蚤（水蚤）是湖泊生态系统的重要组成部分。 水蚤生物学的许多方面已得到很好的表征，包括食物质量限制对生长和繁殖的作用、捕食者与猎物相互作用的动态以及完整的基因组序列，使其成为综合检查生态学的化学、环境和分子组成部分的理想模型生物。 该项目通过量化基因型与一系列环境条件（反应规范）之间相互作用产生的一组可见特征，研究食物质量和捕食对水蚤生活史的影响，包括生长率和繁殖产量。 基于实验室结果的预测将在现场进行测试，从而提供将营养与自然环境中的捕食联系起来的机会。 该研究探讨了食物质量、捕食和基因型变异对湖泊生态系统物种相互作用和群落稳定性的重要性。 获得的结果将提高人们对环境中元素比例的重要性以及对有机体组成和生态系统功能的影响的认识。该项目更广泛的目标是更全面地了解水生生态系统的复杂性。 通过结合化学、生理和分子方法来了解生态系统动态，可以在分子、个体和食物网水平上预测人类引起的环境变化的影响，特别是磷富集导致的湖泊富营养化。 鉴于全球湖泊环境面临的压力日益增大，加深对淡水生态系统人为改变后果的了解至关重要。