Nonlinear Optical Probing of Ferroic and Multiferroic Domain Dynamics

技术.智力优势：该项目的重点是推进对复杂畴微结构及其在温度、电场、磁场和应变等不同条件下的动力学的基本理解。该项目涉及两个新领域，多铁性材料中的铁电-磁耦合现象，以及铁性和多铁性材料特性的大应变增强。该方法结合振幅，相位，偏振，光谱和成像在二阶和三阶非线性光学测量研究应变铁性和多铁性。目的是了解磁畴结构，电-磁畴耦合和动力学，以及相变。此外，同时在原位介电和磁介电测量将进行相关的电，磁和光学响应从多铁性的理解耦合磁铁电现象。合作的第一原理理论，唯象建模，薄膜合成，晶体生长，x射线和电子显微镜表征，和磁性测量是不可或缺的项目。非技术性。更广泛的影响：该项目涉及与电子和光子学技术密切相关的基础材料研究，并有效地整合了研究和教育。该项目促进了学生在协作互动中的跨学科教育。研究生和本科生将参与该项目，使他们能够获得前沿研究的实践经验。PI将利用宾夕法尼亚州立大学科学工程妇女（WISE）周和SROP（少数民族学生夏季研究机会计划）-继续每年为高中女生和代表性不足的群体举办“光的科学和技术”研讨会。

Technical. Intellectual Merit: The focus of this project is to advance fundamental understanding of complex domain microstructures and their dynamics under diverse conditions such as temperature, electric, magnetic fields, and strain. The project deals with two new areas, coupled ferroelectric-magnetic phenomena in multiferroic materials, and large strain enhancements in ferroic and multiferroic material properties. The approach combines amplitude, phase, polarization, spectroscopy and imaging in second and third order nonlinear optical measurements to study strained ferroics and multiferroics. The aim is to understand domain structure, electrical-magnetic domain coupling and dynamics, and phase transitions. Also, simultaneous in-situ dielectric and magneto-dielectric measurements will be performed to correlate electrical, magnetic and optical responses from multiferroics for understanding coupled magnetic-ferroelectric phenomena. Collaborations on first principles theory, phenomenological modeling, film synthesis, crystal growth, x-ray and electron microscopy characterization, and magnetic measurements are integral to the project. Nontechnical.Broader Impact: The project addresses fundamental materials research with strong technological relevance to electronics and photonics, and effectively integrates research and education. The project facilitates interdisciplinary education of students in collaborative interactions. Graduate and undergraduate students will participate in the project allowing them to gain hands-on experience in forefront research. The PI will capitalize on Penn State-Women in Science & Engineering (WISE) Week, and SROP (Summer Research Opportunity Program for minority students) -for continuing a workshop on "The Science and Technology of Light" for high school girls and underrepresented groups annually.