SGER: Pervious/Impervious Pavement Comparative Site Base Study

不透水表面，如人行道和屋顶，是发达国家日益增加的一部分。已经确定这些表面对环境有许多负面影响。这些影响包括径流的非点源污染和城市热岛效应的增加。透水混凝土是一种可替代的铺路表面，可以减轻许多这些环境问题，特别是那些与侵蚀和雨水径流对土壤和接收水的影响有关的问题。透水混凝土在道路、停车场和其他铺砌区域的应用具有广泛的潜力，但如果不对这种材料及其对人类、建筑和自然环境的影响进行更多的基础研究，这种潜力就无法实现。这项研究是促进这种做法的设计和应用所必需的。目前正在对透水混凝土的材料环境方面进行有限的实验室研究，并提供了一些实地地点。与南卡罗莱纳的一个大型军事设施合作，在一个停车场场地上进行了部分透水混凝土和部分不透水路面的比较实地研究。这个提议的场地是独一无二的，因为它代表了一个并排的比较，专门为一个更可控的实地研究环境而设计。本研究计划包括对这两类表面的物理、化学、人类动态、水文和生态特征及其影响的基线比较评估。美国陆军在设计该设施时已经考虑到这种比较研究的潜力，从而以大大降低的成本为南卡罗来纳大学和其他研究人员提供了一个巨大的潜在研究机会。为了在未来获得更有意义的研究成果和机会，在施工期间和第一年对场地进行初步评估是很重要的。对于标准混凝土材料特性测试（传统上是在铺设之日起的固定时间进行）以及现有土壤和邻近条件而言，初始条件尤其重要。这项研究的困难与时间限制有关，这使得研究团队很难在施工开始后迅速动员起来，以充分利用这一机会。进行这项基线研究的智力价值包括为进一步科学研究透水混凝土的特性及其生态影响提供机会。该研究具有很高的实际意义，透水混凝土的潜在应用对施工实践及其对环境的影响具有很大的影响。更广泛的影响还包括继续使用南卡罗来纳大学的本科生和研究生以及该设施的其他研究人员进行这项研究。除了研究和设计出版物等其他方法外，已经在工业内和通过专业设计界建立了一个传播研究成果的网络，并扩展到国家一级。陆军也有兴趣在未来几年将这个地点作为短期和长期影响的研究地点。这些比较的结果将用于可持续设计决策，无论是在该基地计划的未来扩建，还是在世界各地潜在的其他设施。

Abstract Impervious surfaces, such as pavements and rooftops, are an ever-increasing part of the developed world. It has been established that these surfaces have many environmentally negative impacts. These impacts include nonpoint source pollution from runoff and an increase in the urban heat island effect. Pervious concrete is an alternative paving surface that may alleviate many of these environmental concerns, particularly those associated with erosion and the effects of stormwater runoff on soils and receiving waters. There is a widespread potential for the use of pervious concrete in roadways, parking lots and other paved areas, but this potential cannot be realized without more fundamental research into the material and its effect on the human, built and natural environment. This research is needed to facilitate the design and application of this practice. Limited laboratory research is being performed on the material environmental aspects of pervious concrete, and a number of field sites are available. An opportunity has arisen to perform comparative field research on a parking lot site that is partially pervious concrete and partially impervious pavement in collaboration with a large military installation in South Carolina. This proposed site is unique in that it represents a side-by-side comparison, specifically laid out to allow for a more controlled field research setting. This research proposal covers a baseline comparative assessment of physical, chemical, human dynamic, hydrologic and ecological characteristics and impacts of these two types of surfaces. The U.S. Army has taken the initiative to design the facility with this potential for comparative research in mind, giving the University of South Carolina and other researchers a great potential research opportunity at a greatly reduced cost. It is important to get an initial assessment of the site during construction and during the first year in order for more meaningful research results and opportunities in the future. The initial conditions are particularly important with respect to the standard concrete material property tests (traditionally performed at set times from the date of placement) and existing soil and neighboring conditions. This difficulty in this research is associated with the time constraints making it difficult for the research team to be able to rapidly mobilize once construction is underway in order to fully take advantage of this opportunity. The intellectual merit of performing this baseline study includes providing for an opportunity for further scientific studies into the characteristics of pervious concrete and its ecological impacts. This research has very high practical implications, with the potential application of pervious concrete having a large impact on construction practices and their effect on the environment. Broader impacts also include the continued use of undergraduate and graduate students in this research at the University of South Carolina and with other researchers at the facility. A network for dissemination of research results has already been established within the industry and through the professional design community, and extends to the national level, in addition to other methods such as in research and design publications. The Army is also interested in showcasing this site over the years as a study site for both short-term and long-term impacts. The results from these comparisons will be used in sustainable design decisions both for the planned future expansions at this site and at other facilities potentially through out the world.