SGER: Tectonics of the Andaman Plate: Postseismic Response to the M9 Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 2004

该提案要求立即开始对2004年12月苏门答腊岛北部大地震震源区的短暂震后地壳形变进行连续和动态GPS测量。这次地震是近100年来发生的最大的一次地震，也是自GPS发展以来发生的最大的一次。GPS是一项提供了精确测量构造运动的非凡能力的技术。拟议的GPS测量将提供一个前所未有的机会来观察地震后地球对大地震的响应及其对这一地质活动复杂地区正在进行的构造活动的影响。通过安装和运行连续的和动态的全球定位系统站点，对这次地震作出快速反应，对于捕捉短暂的、非长期的地壳形变信号和支持更广泛的全球定位系统努力至关重要。这项工作的一个重要的更广泛的影响将是有助于更新该区域的地震和海啸危害。这次地震引起的应力变化可能会在该地区的其他断层上引发重大活动。全球定位系统实时数据处理的发展将使来自连续监测站的数据能够纳入正在为印度洋开发的海啸预警系统。来自GPS的实时位移数据将补充地震数据。这在慢地震引发海啸的情况下尤其重要，因为慢地震在地震中是看不见的。

This proposal requests support to immediately begin both continuous and campaign GPSmeasurements of ephemeral, post-seismic crustal deformation in the source region of thegreat Northern Sumatra earthquake of December 2004. This event was one the largestearthquakes in the last 100 years and is the largest to have occurred since thedevelopment of GPS, a technology that provides an extraordinary ability to preciselymeasure tectonic motions. The proposed GPS measurements will provide anunprecedented opportunity to observe the post-seismic time evolution of earth.s responseto great earthquakes and their effects on ongoing tectonic activity in this geologicallyactive and complicated area. A rapid response to this earthquake, through the installationand operation of both continuous and campaign GPS stations, is essential to capture theephemeral, non-secular crustal deformation signals and to support a more widespreadcampaign GPS effort. An important broader impact of this work will be a contribution to updating seismic and tsunami hazard for the region. The changes in stress caused by this earthquake may trigger significant activity on the other faults in the region. Developments in real time GPS data processing will allow data from the continuous station to be incorporated into the tsunami warning system being developed for the Indian Ocean. Real time displacement data from GPS will compliment seismic data. This is especially important in the case of tsunami generation by slow earthquakes, which are invisible seismically.