SGER: Tectonics of the Andaman Plate: Postseismic Response to the M9 Northern Sumatra Earthquake of 2004

该建议要求支持立即开始对2004年12月苏门答腊北方大地震震源区的短暂震后地壳变形进行连续和活动GPS测量。这次地震是过去100年来最大的地震之一，也是自GPS技术发展以来发生的最大地震，GPS技术提供了精确测量构造运动的非凡能力。建议的GPS测量将提供一个前所未有的机会来观察地震后地球对大地震的响应及其对这一地质活跃和复杂地区正在进行的构造活动的影响的时间演化。通过安装和运行连续的和活动的GPS站，对这次地震作出快速反应，对于捕获短暂的、非长期的地壳形变信号和支持更加快速的活动GPS工作是必不可少的。这项工作的一个重要的更广泛的影响将是有助于更新该区域的地震和海啸危险。这次地震引起的应力变化可能会引发该地区其他断层的重大活动。全球定位系统真实的实时数据处理方面的发展将使来自连续台站的数据能够纳入正在为印度洋开发的海啸预警系统。来自GPS的真实的时间位移数据将补充地震数据。这一点在由慢地震产生海啸的情况下尤其重要，慢地震在地震学上是不可见的。

This proposal requests support to immediately begin both continuous and campaign GPSmeasurements of ephemeral, post-seismic crustal deformation in the source region of thegreat Northern Sumatra earthquake of December 2004. This event was one the largestearthquakes in the last 100 years and is the largest to have occurred since thedevelopment of GPS, a technology that provides an extraordinary ability to preciselymeasure tectonic motions. The proposed GPS measurements will provide anunprecedented opportunity to observe the post-seismic time evolution of earth.s responseto great earthquakes and their effects on ongoing tectonic activity in this geologicallyactive and complicated area. A rapid response to this earthquake, through the installationand operation of both continuous and campaign GPS stations, is essential to capture theephemeral, non-secular crustal deformation signals and to support a more widespreadcampaign GPS effort. An important broader impact of this work will be a contribution to updating seismic and tsunami hazard for the region. The changes in stress caused by this earthquake may trigger significant activity on the other faults in the region. Developments in real time GPS data processing will allow data from the continuous station to be incorporated into the tsunami warning system being developed for the Indian Ocean. Real time displacement data from GPS will compliment seismic data. This is especially important in the case of tsunami generation by slow earthquakes, which are invisible seismically.