SPP 1542: Future Concrete Structures Using Bionic, Mathematical and Engineering Formfinding Principles

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Before concrete is hardening it is plastic to liquid and can preserve almost any shape in the setting process. The possibility of free shaping when using reinforced concrete for construction is thus given. However, today the design language of ordinary reinforced concrete structures is very easy, especially for cost reasons. Plane surfaces and rectangular geometry are the rule. We have two main objectives: (1) The goal is an aesthetic change of paradigm, because the expansion of the spectrum of the usual forms of concrete increases the possibilities of design in building with concrete. The buildings should be functional, while allowing variable uses. (2) Lightweight building with concrete accordingly "form follows force" leads to a reduction in the dead weight of the components, saving of natural resources and energy in fabrication the building materials but also to a reduction in CO2 emissions. Our aim is that relevant structural elements such as ceilings, walls, columns get their geometry according to the principle "form follows force" as a result of the given, but also influenceable force flow in the component. We want to find the constructive and theoretical basics for design, calculation and construction of free-form and lightweight designed concrete components. Special focus will be the component-specific basic research. The whole buildable structures - shells, plates, columns - should be explored. The components, which are designed according to force fields are, ideally, minimum weight. Indications for effective bearing structures are offered by nature with the help of bionics. Another focus is the development of formwork systems and building technologies for free-formed concrete structures. Joining technologies are in terms of deconstruction and reuse of (parts) of concrete structures of interest. In addition, appropriate calculation methods must be developed to design stability endangered structures safely. The main objective of applied mathematical research - specifically of differential geometry - is to make the design language for the lightweight concrete describable and to analyse the force distributions and to define them mathematically.