Partial Harvesting Regimes as Management Tools for Forested Landscape Mosaics

部分采伐制度作为森林景观马赛克的管理工具

• 批准号: 0527975
• 负责人: Maria Uriarte
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-15 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0527975&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Partial; Harvesting; Regimes; Management; Tools

Understanding the effects of interactions between individual trees is critical to the development of sustainable management of forest ecosystems, particularly in mixed-species, uneven-aged stands. One of the unique challenges to developing prescription strategies for sustainable forestry is the management of patchiness in the distribution of both harvested and residual trees and how that patchiness affects future stand dynamics. The long-term consequences of any given partial harvest will be a function of both the immediate configuration of the residual stand and the subsequent growth of residual trees. Predicting these long-term, indirect effects of partial harvesting requires the use of data-based simulation model of forest dynamics. The proposed research incorporates harvest effects into a spatially-explicit model of forest dynamics (SORTIE). I propose to use data obtained in southern New England forests to explore the implications of different harvesting regimes on the competitive interactions that determine growth and survival of the residual trees, and therefore on the landscape patterns generated by different harvesting regimes. This is a critical component of the development of silvicultural systems that maintain diverse stand composition and structure, while providing economically viable yields. Forest managers need help to determine the optimal spatial pattern of partial cutting in a given stand. The pattern will be a function of existing stand structure and composition, and desired stand structureand composition in the future. The proposed research will explore the implications of tree species diversity and abundance on forest dynamics and stand biomass production. This is an important theoretical question in ecology which has rarely been explored using tree communities. SORTIE provides a mechanistic framework to quantify the contribution of species-specific processes (i.e., recruitment, growth or mortality) on both species abundance and stand biomass. Understanding the community consequences of interactions between species is essential to linking process and pattern in plant communities. Quantifying the magnitude and significance of these interactions is also at the heart of an important and ongoing debate in ecology, amely the importance of competition (i.e., niche differentiation) in structuringnatural plant communities.

了解各个树木之间相互作用的影响对于森林生态系统的可持续管理的发展至关重要，尤其是在混合物种，不均匀的摊位中。为可持续林业制定处方策略的独特挑战之一是管理收获和残留树的分布的斑块，以及这种斑点如何影响未来的动态。任何给定的部分收获的长期后果将取决于残留支架的立即构型和随后残留树的生长。预测部分收获的这些长期间接影响需要使用基于数据的森林动力学模拟模型。拟议的研究将收获效应纳入了森林动力学（Sortie）的空间解释模型。我建议使用在新英格兰南部森林中获得的数据来探讨不同收获制度对确定残留树木生长和生存的竞争相互作用的含义，因此在不同的收获方案产生的景观模式上。这是造林系统开发的关键组成部分，这些系统维持不同的林分组成和结构，同时提供经济上可行的产量。森林经理需要帮助，以确定给定摊位中部分切割的最佳空间模式。该模式将是现有的支架结构和组成的函数，并且将来所需的架子结构组成。 拟议的研究将探讨树种多样性和丰富性对森林动态和生物量生产的影响。这是生态学中一个重要的理论问题，很少使用树木社区探索。 Sortie提供了一个机械框架，以量化物种特异性过程（即招募，生长或死亡率）对物种丰度和生物量的贡献。了解物种之间相互作用的社区后果对于联系植物群落的过程和模式至关重要。量化这些相互作用的幅度和意义也是生态学上一个重要且持续的辩论的核心，竞争的重要性（即利基分化）在结构性植物群落中的重要性。