Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Household Organization and Social Inequality at Bandurria, a Late Preceramic Village in Huaura, Peru

博士论文改进补助金：秘鲁瓦乌拉陶瓷前晚期村庄班杜里亚的家庭组织和社会不平等

• 批准号: 0531805
• 负责人: James Richardson, III
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0531805&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Household

Under the supervision of James B. Richardson III, Alejandro J. Chu will conduct archaeological research at the site of Bandurria on the Peruvian north coast. This 5,800 year old site is one of the earliest temple centers in South America and is at the threshold of the emergence of Peruvian civilization. Little is known about social organization of the people that constructed Bandurria and other Late Preceramic (5,800-3,200 cal. B.P.) temple centers, for much of the research on this time period has been on the temples themselves, not on the people who built them. Research will focus upon two distinct village patterns at the site. The early village has circular houses, while the later village displays rectangular houses representing a significant change in the social organization of the population, as the village became larger and temple construction commenced. The excavation within and adjacent to these circular and rectangular houses will enable Chu to interpret changes in economic strategies, the beginnings of social inequality and the rise of political and religious leaders that formed the foundation for the rise of states in Peru.This research has comparative significance to studies of the rise of cultural complexity and the origins of civilization in other parts of the world. In coastal Peru the economic emphasis was upon marine foods, not agriculture as in the Near East, but both regions developed states and empires. The similarities and differences in social-political organization represented in households of these emergent complex societies will enable investigators to compare and contrast their data with that of the trajectory of cultural development in the Late Preceramic of coastal Peru as reflected in the excavations at Bandurria.This research is a major component of the graduate training of Alejandro Chu for not only he will be directing his own field project, but also coordinating the analysis of the data and writing up the results of his research to be presented to his doctoral committee. This part of his education is crucial for his long-term success in his future career in anthropology. While in the field he will also be interacting with the local community near Bandurria, presenting lectures at schools and to the general public to provide them with an appreciation of their archaeological heritage.

在詹姆斯·B·理查森三世的监督下，亚历杭德罗·J·朱将在秘鲁北海岸的班杜里亚遗址进行考古研究。这个有5800年历史的遗址是南美洲最早的寺庙中心之一，也是秘鲁文明出现的门槛。关于建造班杜里亚和其他晚期前震纪(5,800-3,200卡)的人们的社会组织知之甚少。B.P.)寺庙中心，因为这个时期的大部分研究都是关于寺庙本身的，而不是对建造它们的人的研究。研究将集中在该遗址的两个不同的村庄模式上。早期的村庄有圆形的房屋，而后来的村庄展示的是长方形的房屋，代表着随着村庄的扩大和寺庙建设的开始，人口的社会组织发生了重大变化。在这些圆形和长方形房屋内和附近的挖掘将使朱能够解释经济战略的变化，社会不平等的开始，以及政治和宗教领袖的崛起，这些构成了秘鲁国家崛起的基础。这项研究对研究世界其他地区文化复杂性的兴起和文明起源具有比较意义。在秘鲁沿海，经济重点是海洋食品，而不是近东的农业，但这两个地区都发展了国家和帝国。这些新出现的复杂社会的家庭所代表的社会政治组织的相似和不同将使研究人员能够将他们的数据与秘鲁沿海前震前晚期的文化发展轨迹进行比较和对比，班杜里的发掘反映了这一点。这项研究是亚历杭德罗·朱研究生培训的主要组成部分，因为他不仅将指导自己的田野项目，还将协调对数据的分析，并撰写他的研究结果，提交给他的博士委员会。他的这部分教育对他未来在人类学领域的长期成功至关重要。在实地工作期间，他还将与班杜里亚附近的当地社区互动，在学校和公众中讲课，为他们提供对其考古遗产的欣赏。