Search for gluonic Hadrons at BES III

夸克是物质的基本组成部分，在自然界中并没有作为自由粒子被观察到。它们通过强相互作用与强子（亚原子粒子，如质子或介子）相结合。强相互作用理论（量子色动力学）描述了胶子（强相互作用的力载体）的自相互作用对夸克的限制。这导致了负责强子结合的非常复杂的过程，到目前为止，人们对这些过程知之甚少，也无法充分量化。为了更深入地理解，有必要将精确的实验数据与不同的理论方法进行比较。在量子色动力学中，预测了胶球和杂化的存在。对这些被称为胶子强子的物体的研究是特别有趣的，因为它们带有可见的胶子成分。人们认为铯衰变是胶子强子的丰富来源。在BES III实验中，以较高的速率产生了铯态。

Quarks, the fundamental building blocks of matter, are not observed as free particles in nature. They are rather bound to hadrons (subatomic particles like the proton or the pion) by the strong interaction. The theory of strong interaction (Quantum Chromo Dynamics) describes this confinement of quarks by the self-interaction of the gluons, the force carriers of the strong interaction. This leads to very complex processes responsible for hadron binding, which are up to now poorly understood and cannot be quantified sufficiently. For a deeper understanding the comparison between precise experimental data and the different theoretical approaches is necessary. In Quantum Chromo Dynamics the existence of glueballs and hybrids is predicted. The study of these objects, referred to as gluonic hadrons, is of particular interest, since they carry a visible gluonic component. It is believed that charmonium decays are a rich source for gluonic hadrons. Charmonium states are produced with high rates at the BES III experiment.