Non-equilibrium transport properties of helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids

螺旋 Tomonaga-Luttinger 液体的非平衡输运特性

• 批准号: 173218440
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Björn Trauzettel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2009-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/173218440?language=en
• 关键词: Non; equilibrium; transport; properties; helical

Topological insulators are gapped in the bulk but form gapless edge states at the boundaries. These edge states preserve the bulk symmetries [Qi06] and have therefore rather specific properties. In twodimensional (2D) topological insulators, the edge states are one-dimensional (1D). This 1D system (in the presence of electron-electron interactions) has been coined helical Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (hTLL) [Wu06,Xu06] because the spin and the direction of motion are strongly bound. The proposed projects deal with non-equilibrium transport properties of hTLLs. Using the Keldysh formalism and bosonization, we intend to calculate the non-linear current as well as the current noise in multiterminal setups based on hTLLs coupled to normal metal as well as superconducting electron reservoirs. Due to the helicity of the 1D system, we expect exciting appearances of fractional charges which should be observable in shot noise measurements. The most interesting question we would like to address is under which circumstances one can expect to see the above mentioned fractional excitations in a realistic experimental scenario.

拓扑绝缘体整体上是有间隙的，但在边界处形成无间隙的边缘状态。这些边态保持了体的对称性，因此具有相当特殊的性质。在二维(2D)拓扑绝缘体中，边态是一维(1D)的。这种一维体系(存在电子-电子相互作用)被称为螺旋Tomonaga-Luttinger液体(HTLL)[Wu 06，Xu 06]，因为自旋和运动方向是强束缚的。拟议的项目涉及hTLLS的非平衡输运性质。利用Keldysh形式和玻色化，我们打算计算基于耦合到正常金属和超导电子库的hTLLS的多端装置中的非线性电流和电流噪声。由于一维系统的螺旋性，我们期待在散粒噪声测量中观察到的分数电荷的激发现象。我们想要解决的最有趣的问题是，在什么情况下，人们可以在现实的实验场景中看到上面提到的分数激发。