CEDAR: South American Observations of Thermospheric Neutral Winds and Temperatures during Daytime

CEDAR：南美洲白天热层中性风和温度的观测

• 批准号: 0535582
• 负责人: John Noto
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Scientific Solutions Incorporated
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-01 至 2007-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0535582&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CEDAR; South; American; Observations; Thermospheric

The investigators will operate a dayglow-capable, remote Internet access, triple-etalon Fabry-Perot interferometer at the Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory (CTIO) near La Serena, Chile (-17O magnetic latitude), to supply critical ground-based observational support for the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS satellite). These observations support C/NOFS by measuring neutral wind fields, known to be central to the over-arching C/NOFS goal of scintillation forecasting and modeling. Currently, empirical models are used to provide non-local neutral winds, but the need to replace model winds with actual winds is vital to the prediction of the Equatorial Spread-F (ESF) phenomenon. The primary observational objective is to provide the all-sky (at least eight vector) thermospheric wind field across the sunset terminator, with 15-minute resolution in the dayglow, and better than five-minute resolution in the nightglow. Correlating ESF events with these wind fields will demonstrate whether meridional winds affect the growth of ESF. Current state of the art limits this correlation to winds taken 1 hour after sunset, but the instrument proposed here will allow a correlation of ESF with winds prior to sunset. A secondary objective is to measure zonal winds during passage of the brightness wave driven by the midnight temperature maximum pressure bulge in conjunction with another dayglow Fabry-Perot located at the magnetic equator. The two instruments will also observe the location and migration of the southern Appleton Anomaly during the day. Similarly patrol mode operation of the robotic, remotely operable systems will be used to detect and categorize the nature of soliton disturbances propagating from the pole toward the equator. These disturbances are known as traveling atmospheric disturbances, or TADs, and heretofore have only been seen using incoherent scatter radars. This study will help in forecasting communication disturbances from ionospheric irregularities at low latitudes. The project also features international cooperation between United States scientists and Chilean scientists and support staff at CTIO. Establishment of the Fabry-Perot at CTIO is an important extension of the infrastructure available to the Aeronomy community, which will now have access to a spectacular clear-sky site at 2400 meters in the Andes Mountains. In addition, this facility will be only one of two extant sites capable of daytime Doppler airglow measurement.

研究人员将在智利拉塞雷纳附近的Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatory（CTIO）（-17O磁纬度）操作具有日光功能的远程互联网接入三标准具法布里-珀罗干涉仪，为通信/导航中断预报系统（C/NOFS卫星）提供关键的地面观测支持。这些观测通过测量中性风场来支持C/NOFS，已知中性风场是闪烁预测和建模的超CO2 C/NOFS目标的核心。目前，经验模式被用来提供非本地的中性风，但需要用实际的风来取代模型风是至关重要的赤道无风带（ESF）现象的预测。观测的主要目标是提供整个日落明暗界限的全天（至少8个矢量）热层风场，在日光下的分辨率为15分钟，在夜光下的分辨率优于5分钟。将ESF事件与这些风场相关联将证明纬向风是否影响ESF的增长。目前的技术水平将这种相关性限制在日落后1小时拍摄的风，但这里提出的仪器将允许ESF与日落前的风相关。第二个目标是测量纬向风的亮度波驱动的午夜温度最大压力隆起与位于磁赤道的另一个日光法布里-珀罗结合通过。这两台仪器还将在白天观测南部阿普尔顿异常的位置和迁移。类似地，机器人的巡逻模式操作，远程可操作系统将用于检测和分类从极点向赤道传播的孤子扰动的性质。这些扰动被称为旅行大气扰动，或TADs，迄今为止只有使用非相干散射雷达才能看到。这项研究将有助于预测低纬度电离层不规则性对通信的干扰。该项目还包括美国科学家与智利科学家和技术工业组织支助人员之间的国际合作。在CTIO建立Fabry-Perot是Aeronomy社区基础设施的重要延伸，现在可以进入安第斯山脉2400米处的壮观晴空。此外，这一设施将是仅有的两个能够进行日间多普勒气辉测量的地点之一。