High-Latitude Austral Atmospheric Dynamics

高纬度南方大气动力学

• 批准号: 0538621
• 负责人: Gonzalo Hernandez
• 金额: $ 49.88万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0538621&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Latitude; Austral; Atmospheric; Dynamics

One of the most compelling and contemporary polar aeronomy directions is the investigation of dynamical coupling of the stratosphere and the upper regions of the atmosphere, such as the mesosphere. The South Pole wintertime mesospheric kinetic temperature measurements, preceding the springtime major stratospheric sudden warming of 2002, have clearly shown experimentally the presence of this dynamical coupling in the Southern Hemisphere - the wintertime mesospheric temperature measurements showed a strong correlation with the ozone hole area. These results indicate that the dynamical processes leading to the stratospheric warming were already in place during the austral winter and, that, this early mesospheric signal leads to the potential ability to estimate the springtime ozone hole area. Further observations on these phenomena are needed to understand better the underlying processes. These recent results indicate the intrinsic value of long-term mesospheric measurements at South Pole, as they do provide a window of knowledge into the dynamics of the atmosphere and their effects on Global Climate Change, as well as its societal implications. Austral polar cap neutral upper atmosphere measurements are also relevant in order to gain a basic understanding on the global-scale dynamics and thermodynamics of this atmospheric region. McMurdo Station is within the polar cap most of the day, making it the highest geomagnetic latitude station at Antarctica. Combined measurements from McMurdo and South Pole Stations are beginning to address the special problem of the existence of persistent and predictable thermospheric vertical neutral winds at high geomagnetic latitudes, first reported from South Pole. The existence of these vertical winds has profound effects on the energetics of this region of the atmosphere. These investigations, simultaneous with the observations of the international Antarctic Aeronomy Consortium colleagues, will enhance the present understanding of this polar atmospheric dynamics problem and its effect on global circulation. In addition to the scientific interest, there are broad social implications dependent on maintaining mesospheric/thermospheric aeronomy measurements through the first decade after maximum of the stratospheric ozone hole area. This research also contributes to the training and education of for both graduate and undergraduate students, including underrepresented groups.

最引人注目的和当代极地高层大气学的方向之一是平流层和高层大气区域，如中间层的动力耦合的调查。在2002年春季平流层突然升温之前进行的南极冬季中间层动力学温度测量清楚地表明，南半球存在这种动力学耦合-冬季中间层温度测量表明与臭氧洞面积密切相关。这些结果表明，导致平流层变暖的动力学过程已经在南方冬季，这一早期的中层信号导致的潜在能力，估计春季臭氧洞面积。需要对这些现象进行进一步的观察，以更好地了解潜在的过程。这些最近的结果表明了南极长期中层测量的内在价值，因为它们确实提供了了解大气动态及其对全球气候变化的影响及其社会影响的知识窗口。对南极极冠中性高层大气的测量也是相关的，以便基本了解这一大气区域的全球尺度动力学和热力学。麦默多站大部分时间都在极冠内，使其成为南极洲地磁纬度最高的站。麦克默多站和南极站的联合测量正开始解决在地磁高纬度地区存在持续和可预测的热层垂直中性风的特殊问题，这是南极站首次报告的。这些垂直风的存在对这一区域的大气能量有着深远的影响。这些调查，同时与国际南极高层大气物理学联合会的同事的观察，将提高目前的了解这一极地大气动力学问题及其对全球环流的影响。除了科学意义外，在平流层臭氧空洞面积达到最大值后的头十年内保持中间层/热层高层大气物理学测量也会产生广泛的社会影响。这项研究还有助于研究生和本科生的培训和教育，包括代表性不足的群体。